To ensure the safe operation of high-speed trains, catenary anomaly detection and alerting security have become an urgent problem to solve. In this paper, we propose a novel method for abnormal behavior localization of a pantograph-catenary for high-speed trains. First, a modified faster RCNN is proposed to detect the pantograph faults. By adjusting the parameters of the faster RCNN, the positional accuracy of the candidate box and accuracy of the algorithm are guaranteed. We perform the arc detection after detecting the pantograph head area. The detection accuracy is over 99%. The height of the pantograph center point is also obtained during detection. Then, the actual running mileage of the fault point is calculated. Experiments show that the method proposed in this paper is also applicable to various complex scenes and that this method can determine the fault localization in the shortest time, narrow the maintenance scope, and improve the overhaul efficiency.
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that is closely associated with the occurrence and deterioration of cardiovascular disease, depression and other diseases. The evaluation of pharmacological treatments for insomnia brings significant clinical implications. In this study, a total of 20 patients with mild insomnia and 75 healthy subjects as controls (HC) were included to explore alterations of electroencephalogram (EEG) complexity associated with insomnia and its pharmacological treatment by using multi-scale permutation entropy (MPE). All participants were recorded for two nights of polysomnography (PSG). The patients with mild insomnia received a placebo on the first night (Placebo) and temazepam on the second night (Temazepam), while the HCs had no sleep-related medication intake for either night. EEG recordings from each night were extracted and analyzed using MPE. The results showed that MPE decreased significantly from pre-lights-off to the period during sleep transition and then to the period after sleep onset, and also during the deepening of sleep stage in the HC group. Furthermore, results from the insomnia subjects showed that MPE values were significantly lower for the Temazepam night compared to MPE values for the Placebo night. Moreover, MPE values for the Temazepam night showed no correlation with age or gender. Our results indicated that EEG complexity, measured by MPE, may be utilized as an alternative approach to measure the impact of sleep medication on brain dynamics.
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