Liver echinococcosis is clinically mainly composed of hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) and hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (AE). At present, laparoscopy has been comprehensively applied in the treatment of two types of liver echinococcosis. For hepatic CE treatment, both laparoscopic total pericystectomy and laparoscopic hepatectomy can achieve radical results, but the former is considered the first choice owing to its being more minimally invasive; laparoscopic subtotal pericystectomy and laparoscopic partial pericystectomy can be accepted as complementary options, considering the presence of complicated cysts and the level of laparoscopic technique in remote hospitals; laparoscopic cystectomy is simple, but it is not currently recommended for treatment of hepatic CE owing to poor efficacy and high risk of postoperative complications. For hepatic AE treatment, laparoscopy not only achieves the same radical effect as open surgery in selected patients, but also is more minimally invasive, so it has a better prospect.
IntroductionUnfavorable coastal saline-alkali soil habitats degrade plant community diversity and reduce terrestrial ecological functions. Previous studies have been conducted on the mechanisms by which certain saline-alkali soil properties determine plant community diversity, however, how those properties synergistically affect plant community diversity remains unclear.MethodsHere, 36 plots of typical Tamarix chinensis communities were investigated for a range of parameters at three different distances (10, 20, and 40 km) from the coastline in the Yellow River Delta between 2020 and 2022, and corresponding soil samples were taken and analyzed.Results and discussionOur results suggest that although T. chinensis density, ground diameter, and canopy coverage significantly increased (P<0.05) with increasing distance from the coast, the communities with the most plant species were found at 10 to 20 km distance from the coastline, indicating the effects of soil habitat on T. chinensis community diversity. Simpson dominance (species dominance), Margalef (species richness), and Pielou indices (species evenness) differed significantly among the three distances (P<0.05) and were significantly correlated with soil sand content, mean soil moisture, and electrical conductivity (P<0.05), indicating that soil texture, water, and salinity were the main factors governing T. chinensis community diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to construct an integrated soil habitat index (SHI) representing the synthesis of the soil texture-water-salinity condition. The estimated SHI quantified a 64.2% variation in the synthetic soil texture-water-salinity condition and was significantly higher at the 10 km distance than at the 40 and 20 km distances. The SHI linearly predicted T. chinensis community diversity (R2 = 0.12–0.17, P<0.05), suggesting that greater SHI (coarser soil texture, wetter soil moisture regime, and higher soil salinity) was found closer to the coast and coincided with higher species dominance and evenness and lower species richness in the T. chinensis community. These findings on the relationship between T. chinensis communities and soil habitat conditions will be valuable in planning the restoration and protection of the ecological functions of T. chinensis shrubs in the Yellow River Delta.
Background We have improved and named a new reverse rolling-mat type lymph node dissection, which effectively solves the dilemma faced by the traditional lymph node dissection in hand-assisted laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy through the optimization of the surgical procedure. However, the relevant clinical data are still scarce. The study aims to compare the clinical effects of two surgical procedure and explore the safety and feasibility of “reverse procedure”. Study design The clinicopathological data of 195 patients who underwent hand-assisted D2 radical total gastrectomy (HALTG) in our hospital from January 2011 to September 2017 were collected. A retrospective case–control study was used to compare the clinical outcomes of the two patterns of lymph node dissection. Among them, 89 patients underwent “cabbage type” lymph node dissection and 106 patients underwent the “reverse procedure” lymph node dissection. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups of patients in terms of gender, age, tumor location, incision length, postoperative hospitalization duration, pathological classification, recent complications, long-term recurrence and metastasis. The operation time of “cabbage type” group was shorter than that of “reverse procedure” group (178.35 ± 31.52 min vs 191.25 ± 32.77 min; P = 0.006). While, in the “reverse procedure” group, intraoperative blood loss was less (249.4 ± 143.12 vs 213.58 ± 101.43; P = 0.049), and there were more numbers of lymph nodes dissected (18.04 ± 7.00 vs 32.25 ± 14.23; P < 0.001). Conclusion The pattern of reverse rolling-mat type lymph node dissection in HALTG perform well in terms of safety and feasibility.
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