The great success of graphene has encouraged the fast development of other two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets, which have attracted extensive attention in different scientific fields encompassing field effect transistors, lithium-ion batteries, and catalysis. With atomic-scale thickness, almost all of the atoms are exposed on the surface, providing an extremely high specific surface area, in conjunction with special physical, chemical, and electronic properties, owing to the quantum confinement effects, which enable their surface phase to be as important as the bulk counterparts. In this review, we have summarized and discussed the recent advancements of 2D nanomaterials beyond graphene, with an emphasis on their basic fundamentals, preparation strategies, and applications. We believe that this review supplies critical insights for exploring and understanding 2D nanomaterials and puts forward the challenges and opportunities for further developments, such as more precise morphology control, foreign atom doping and surface modification technologies, atomic-scale characterization, and finding wide applications in many different fields.

A new wurtzite (WZ) structure CuInS 2 , space group P6 3 mc, a ) 3.90652(13) Å, c ) 6.42896(23) Å, has been synthesized by a one-step solvothermal method. Analogous with the disordered zinc-blende structure, wurtzite structure is metastable at room temperature and considered as a disordered polymorph of chalcopyrite (CH) structure, where Cu and In atoms randomly occupy the cation sublattice positions. It is believed that the solvent of ethanolamine plays an important role in the synthesis of WZ-CuInS 2 . The coordination between Cu 2+ and -NH 2 of ethanolamine molecules favors the nucleation and growth of WZ-CuInS 2 . Differential scanning calorimeter, together with X-ray diffraction analysis, revealed a phase transition from WZ-CuInS 2 to CH-CuInS 2 when WZ-CuInS 2 was heated to certain temperature. The visible and near-infrared absorption spectra show that the as-prepared nanostructured WZ-CuInS 2 has distinct optical properties compared with conventional CH-CuInS 2 .

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