Recently, we developed ultrasmall molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) quantum dots for computed tomography (CT) and multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT). But, due to rapid body elimination and limited blood circulation time, the tumor uptake of the dots is low. In our study, this problem was solved via designing an amino-modified biodegradable nanomaterial based on MoS2 quantum-dots-doped disulfide-based SiO2 nanoparticles (denoted MoS2@ss-SiO2) for multimodal application. By integrating the MoS2 quantum dots into clearable SiO2 nanoparticles, this nanoplatform with an appropriate particle size can not only degrade and excrete in a reasonable period induced by redox responsiveness of glutathione but also exhibit a high tumor uptake due to the longer blood circulation time. Moreover, hyaluronic acid and chlorin e6 (Ce6) were adsorbed on the outer shell for tumor-targeting effect and photodynamic therapy, respectively. So, this biodegradable and clearable theranostic nanocomposite, which is applicable in integrated fluorescence/CT/MSOT imaging-guided combined photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy, is very promising in biomedical applications in the future.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has shown promising potential and bright prospects in damaging primary tumors; however, it is limited to metastatic and recrudescent tumors as PTT requires straightforward light irradiation.

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This paper presents results from large-displacement finite-element analysis of cone penetration into clay. The soil is idealised as a homogeneous elastic-perfectly plastic material obeying a Tresca yield criterion, and the analysis is carried out using an 'arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian' technique, with periodic remeshing and interpolation of all field values. This allows the cone to be advanced by several diameters, thus achieving steady-state conditions. A full parametric study has been undertaken, quantifying the influences of the rigidity index, in situ stress anisotropy and the cone roughness. A theoretical correlation for the cone factor, N kt , is developed from this study, and compared with previous correlations developed using the strain path method. Characteristics of the stress distribution around the cone, the extent of the plastic zone and apparent incremental movements are discussed, allowing new insights into this problem.

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Rod-shape nanoplatform have received tremendous attention owing to their enhanced ability for cell internalization and high capacity for drug loading. MoS 2 , widely used in electronic devices, electrocatalysis, sensor and energy-storage, has been studied as photothermal agents over the years. However, the efficacy of rod-shape MoS 2 based photothermal agents for photothermal therapy has not been studied before. Here, a near-infrared (NIR) light-absorbing MoS 2 nanosheets coated mesoporous silica nanorods with human serum albumin (HSA) modifying and Ce6 loading (MSNR@MoS 2 -HSA/Ce6) were constructed for combined photothermal and photodynamic therapy. Methods : The near-infrared (NIR) light was used to trigger the synergistic anti-tumor therapy. In addition, breast cancer cell line was applied to evaluate the in vitro anti-tumor activity. The multi-modal imaging capacity and tumor-killing efficiency of the designed nanocomposites in vivo was also demonstrated with the 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model. Results : These nanocomposites could not only perform NIR light triggered photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), but also achieve in vivo fluorescence (FL) /multispectral optical tomography (MSOT)/X-ray computed tomography (CT) triple-model bioimaging. What's more, the rod-shape nanoplatform could be endowed with better anti-tumor ability based on the EPR effect and HSA-mediated active tumor targeting. At the same time, the hyperthermia generated by MoS 2 could synergistically improve the PDT effect with the acceleration of the blood flow, leading to the increase of the oxygen level in tumor tissue. Conclusion : MSNR@MoS 2 -HSA/Ce6 proves to be a promising multi-functional nanoplatform for effective treatment of tumor.

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