A high-efficiency inverted-type CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) solar cell was fabricated by using a ultrathin poly[3-(4-carboxybutyl)thiophene-2,5-diyl]-Na (P3CT-Na) film as the hole transport layer. The averaged power conversion efficiency (PCE) can be largely increased from 11.72 to 18.92% with a double-filtering process of the P3CT-Na solution mainly due to the increase in short-circuit current density (JSC) from 19.43 to 23.88 mA/cm2, which means that the molecular packing structure of P3CT-Na thin film can influence the formation of the MAPbI3 thin film and the contact quality at the MAPbI3/P3CT-Na interface. Zeta potentials, atomic-force microscopic images, absorbance spectra, photoluminescence spectra, X-ray diffraction patterns, and Raman scattering spectra are used to understand the improvement in the JSC. Besides, the light intensity-dependent and wavelength-dependent photovoltaic performance of the MAPbI3 solar cells shows that the P3CT-Na thin film is not only used as the hole transport layer but also plays an important role during the formation of a high-quality MAPbI3 thin film. It is noted that the PCE values of the best P3CT-Na based MAPbI3 solar cell are higher than 30% in the yellow-to-near infrared wavelength range under low light intensities. On the other hand, it is predicted that the double-filtering method can be readily used to increase the PCE of polymer based solar cells.
The properties of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) crystalline thin films and the device performance of highly efficient MAPbI3 photovoltaic cells are investigated by varying the temperature of antisolvent from 20 ℃ to 50 ℃ during the washing enhanced nucleation (WEN) process. The surface, structural, optoelectronic and defect properties of the perovskite thin films are characterized through the atomic force microscope, X-ray diffractometer and photoluminescence spectrometer. The experimental results show that changing the temperature of antisolvent during the WEN process can manipulate the MAPbI3 crystalline thin films from the (110)-(002) complex phases to a (002) preferred phase. It is noted that the highest power conversion efficient of the inverted MAPbI3 photovoltaic cells is 19.30% mainly due to the increased carrier collection efficiency and reduced carrier recombination when the temperature of antisolvent is 30 ℃.
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