Objective: This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the effect of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) in neonatal brain development. Materials and Methods: The authors observed 41 neonatal brain different tissues by using traditional two-dimensional gray scale ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging and frequency spectrum ultrasound. After that they used ARFI to quantitative evaluate white and gray matter of neonatal different tissues in brain with different gestational ages. They also used new technical index: virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) to evaluate elastic changes of brain tissues. Results: Different tissues in brain had different elastic numerical values. Neonatal with different gestational ages had different elastic numerical values. The more gestational ages were, the more the elastic numerical values. Elastic numerical values between preterm and full-term infants were different. Elastic numerical values of full-term infants were higher than preterm infants. Conclusion: ARFI provides a new quantitative index to evaluate neonatal brain development. It increases objectivity and reliability of clinical analysis. Ultrasound was a noninvasive examination method, safe, simple, and convenient, and it has more usefulness of ARFI in quantitative evaluation of neonatal brain development.
Thermoplastic composite pipes (TCPs) are becoming the ideal substitute for traditional steel pipe due to its superiorities including light weight and corrosive resistance. The cross-section of TCPs consists of an inner liner, a laminate layer, and an outer jacket. The laminate layer is made of multi-plies of helically wound continuous fibre reinforced unidirectional tape. In the present study, a three-dimensional (3D) theoretical model and a 3D finite element model were developed to analyse the stress state of a TCP under internal pressure. With a selected failure criterion for composite laminate, the ultimate burst pressure of a TCP can be predicted. By comparing the predicted burst pressure with the experimental results, several commonly used failure criteria were compared in terms of their accuracy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.