The effects of Cannabis sativa on the testosterone level and seminal fluid analysis were studied. A total of twenty-four adult male rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups. Group 1 (control) were fed on 5% ethanol. Group 2,3and 4 were fed 20mg of cannabis in 5% ethanol,20mg of cannabis in 5% ethanol +100mg Vitamin C, and 20mg cannabis in 5% ethanol +1ml honey respectively for 21 consecutive days. The result showed a statistically significant decrease in percentage motile sperm and an increase in the percentage dead sperm (p<0.05).The decrease in the sperm count were not statistically significant. Also the changes in Testosterone hormonal levels were not statistically significant. However, those adverse effects caused by cannabis were reversed by the concomitant administration of vitamin C and honey. Also Vitamin C improved the quality of seminal fluid more than Honey.
Thyroxine influences diverse metabolic pathways important in glucose metabolism and important mediators of glucose homeostasis. Thyroxine replacement therapy is usually given in cases of hypothyroidism thus this study was conducted to assess the effects of thyroxine replacement therapy and thyroidectomy on glucose tolerance. Forty rats were divided into four groups (n=10). Group 1(control) was sham operated, group 2 was thyroidectomised, group3 was sham operated and treated with 10mcg/100g bdwt for five weeks, Group 4was thyroidectomised and given 10mcg/100g bdwt T4 for five weeks. The rats were anaesthetized by injecting 0.2ml/100g/bdwt ketamine hydrochloride intraperitonially. The rats were weighed before and weekly after the surgery. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed on the rats after five weeks treatment period and total serum thyroxine was determined by chemi-immunoluminiscence. Results were presented as mean +SEM and P values less than or equal to 0.05 was taken as significant. There was fluctuating weight loss and gain in groups 3 and 4 while group 2 had significant steady weight gain compared with control. Fasting blood sugar at zero minute was significantly higher at groups 2, 3 and 4. At 30 mins, glucose level was significantly reduced in groups 2 and 3while group 4 was not significantly different from control. At 60 and 90 minutes, glucose level was markedly reduced in the three groups compared with control but at 120 min there was significant difference between glucose level in the groups and control. Based on the results in this study, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism cause impairment in glucose tolerance and a n elevated fasting blood glucose level while thyroxine replacement did not normalise the disturbances caused by thyroidectomy on glucose tolerance nor did it reduce the fasting blood sugar level as observed when compared to the control.
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