Mastitis is a common disease of the dairy cattle, which affects the development of the dairy industry and leads to huge economic losses. Forsythoside A (FTA) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of FTA on dairy cow mastitis remain unclear. In this study, bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were stimulated with lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a key virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), to construct in vitro models, and then treated with FTA. Subsequently, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different groups were determined by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to analyse the possible function of the DEGs, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to verify whether the expression levels of these DEGs were consistent with RNA-Seq results. The results showed that cell division cycle 20B (CDC20B), endothelial cell surface expressed chemotaxis and apoptosis regulator (ECSCR), complement factor H-related 5 (CFHR5) and phospholipase A2 group IVA (PLA2G4A) were down-regulated after FTA treatment. In contrast, Kruppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) and Metallothionein 1E (MT1E) were up-regulated. These DEGs are involved in processes such as apoptosis, inflammation and development of cancer. This study provides valuable insights into the transcriptome changes in BMECs after FTA treatment. Further analysis may help identify the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Mastitis is one of the most common diseases of dairy cattle and can be caused by physical stress, chemicals and microbial infection. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogens that induce mastitis in dairy cattle. In this study, bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were treated either with lipoteichoic acid (LTA, 30 µg/ml) or 1 × phosphate‐buffer saline (PBS, control) and RNA‐Seq was applied to explore the effect of LTA on the expression microRNAs (miRNAs) in BMECs. Compared to the control group, 43 miRNAs were significantly up‐regulated and eight miRNAs were significantly down‐regulated. Additionally, 724 genes were significantly up‐regulated and 13 genes were significantly down‐regulated in LTA group relative to the control group. Bta‐miR‐196a, bta‐miR‐2285aj‐5p, bta‐miR‐143, bta‐miR‐2433, bta‐miR‐2284f and bta‐miR‐2368‐3p were selected from 51 differentially expressed miRNAs and are discussed in this manuscript. Target gene prediction revealed that the target genes of these six miRNAs were all differentially expressed, including MT1E, SPDYA, FGL1, TLR2, PAPOLG, ZDHHC17 and SMC4. Subsequently, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the target genes with differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Therefore, the results of this study provided new evidences for the molecular mechanism of LTA‐induced mastitis, which may provide new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of mastitis in dairy cattle.
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