ABSTRAKInfeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) adalah penyakit infeksi akut yang menyerang salah satu bagian dan atau lebih dari saluran napas. ISPA sering dijumpai di negara-negara berkembang. Sebagai negara berkembang, Indonesia menduduki posisi keempat bersama dengan Bangladesh dan Nigeria. Sedangkan Bali memiliki angka periode prevalensi sebesar 22,6% dimana angka tersebut tidak jauh dari angka periode prevalensi ISPA di Indonesia yaitu 25,0%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan ISPA terutama jenis kelamin, status gizi dan berat badan lahir terhadap balita penderita ISPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi analitik cross-sectional. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 223 orang yang diambil secara konsekutif di Puskesmas Banjarangkan II Klungkung pada rentang waktu 1 Januari 2016 s.d. 31 Desember 2016. Data penelitian adalah data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa balita dengan ISPA cenderung lebih banyak pada usia 1-3 tahun (57,9%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (62,6%), status gizi baik (89,9%), dan berat badan lahir normal (88,5%). Hasil analisis menggunakan uji chi-square menyatakan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jenis kelamin (p=0,003), status gizi (p<0,0001), dan berat badan lahir (p<0,0001) dengan angka kejadian ISPA pada balita.Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara variabel jenis kelamin, status gizi dan berat badan lahir dengan angka kejadian ISPA pada balita.Kata Kunci: balita, ISPA, jenis kelamin, status gizi, berat badan lahir ABSTRACTTHE RELATION BETWEEN GENDER, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, AND BIRTH WEIGHT WITH THE INCIDENCE OF URTI IN CHILDREN BELOW 5 YEARS OLD AT PUSKESMAS BANJARANGKAN II IN 2016Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an acute infection disease affecting one or more upper respiratory tracts. This infection is often found in developing countries. As a developing country, Indonesia holds the fourth position together with Bangladesh and Nigeria. Meanwhile, Bali has the prevalence number of 22.6% in which this number is not much different with Indonesia’s of 25.0%. The objective of this study was to find out the factors which were related to upper respiratory tract infection such as gender, nutritional status, and birth weight of children below 5 years old infected with URTI in particular. This research was a cross sectional analytic study involving 223 samples who were gathered consecutively at Puskesmas Banjarangkan II Klungkung from 1 january 2016 till 31 December 2016. The data obtained were secondary data in form of medical records. The result showed that children with URTI tended to be 1-3 years old (57.9%), male (62.6%), and have good nutritional status (89.9%) and normal birth weight (88.5%). The data were analyzed using Chi-square test which showed that there was significant relation between gender (p=0.003), nutritional status (p<0.0001), and birth weight (p<0.0001) with the URTI incidence in children below 5 years old.There was significant relation between gender, nutritional status, and birth weight with the URTI incidence in children below 5 years old.Keywords: children below 5 years old, upper respiratory tract infection, gender, nutritional status, birth weight
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