Translation could be defined as converting one language (Source Language) to another language (Target Language) so that the target language could convey the intended message in the source language. In translation, a shift is something unavoidable. Catford (1965) said that shift is departures from formal correspondence in the process of going from the SL to the TL. Translation can be done in many kinds of text, including literary. So, the shift may also happen in many kinds of literary, in this paper is focused on novel. Considering the shift happened in various kinds of literary, this study attempts to (1) classify the types of translation shift of pronoun, (2) examine the translation techniques, and (3) investigate the factors lead the application of particular translating technique done by the translator in the translation of Twilight in English version to Twilight in Indonesian version. The data focus on the translation of pronouns found in the bilingual novel of Twilight. From the data found there is translation shift in different types which belongs to the theory proposed by Catford (1965). The method of collecting the data in this research is a direct observation method. The bilingual novel of Twilight was read. Then, the pronouns that represent the translation shift were chosen. After the data were collected, they were analysed to become the results of the research. There are two main theories used in analysing the data, those are the theory of translation shift is proposed by Catford (1965) and the theory of translation technique (Molina and Albir, 2002) and supporting theory (Nida, 2000) about factors lead the application of particular translating technique done by the translator. At the end it is found that there are two types of shift which are unavoidable in translation. They are a shift in grammatical categories or transposition and shift of point of view or modulation. There are six out of eight-teen kinds of translation techniques used in this study. Also, the factors leading to the application of a particular technique of translation in this study are linguistic factors, cultural factors, and the translator's preference.
Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meninjau sejauh mana perkembangan siswa dan pengajar di SDN 5 Manukaya dalam penggunaan aplikasi pembelajaran daring, serta mendampingi para siswa dan pengajar dalam penggunaan aplikasi tersebut. Permasalahan yang dihadapi selama masa observasi di SDN 5 Manukaya, Tampaksiring, Gianyar adalah siswa belum memahami betul sistem atau fitur aplikasi pembelajaran daring yang digunakan oleh pengajar yaitu Google Classroom. Selain itu, siswa juga belum paham cara penggunaan fitur-fitur pada Laptop dalam pembelajaran daring khususnya dalam penggunaan Microsoft Word, sehingga hal ini mempengaruhi pemahaman siswa dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris. Adapun program yang telah dilaksanakan pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah pengenalan fitur-fitur pada aplikasi pembelajaran daring Google Classroom, pengenalan fitur dan cara pengoperasian software Microsoft Word yang mendukung pembelajaran daring, serta evaluasi pengetahuan siswa dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris. Metode yang digunakan dengan menerapkan sistem pendekatan, yaitu dengan langsung berinteraksi dengan siswa dan menggunakan media pembelajaran daring dalam melakukan pengenalan fitur-fitur aplikasi pembelajaran daring. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menjadikan masyarakat, dalam hal ini pengajar dan siswa, bisa lebih memahami penggunaan fitur-fitur aplikasi Google Classroom dan Microsoft Word yang mendukung kelancaran pembelajaran daring khususnya mata pelajaran bahasa Inggris.
Poetic expression in poetry of different languages is an interesting study because this literary work reflects not only the personal expression of the poet but also the world through diction and figurative language that carry certain moral messages. This study aims to reveal the translation of comparative and contradictory figurative languages which are used to convey poetic expressions found in the poems about love and the existence of a poem, which are understood by the poet, M.Aan Mansyur, in his bilingual poetry collection, "There is No New York Today." The method used in this research was a combination of content analysis and stylistic approach. The writer compared figurative language in two languages, Indonesian and English and the strategies applied to translate them. This study found that first, poetic expressions were expressed in three ways, namely (1) comparative figurative language represented by metaphors, (2) contradictory figurative language manifested through paradoxes, and (3) combinations of comparison and contradiction in one verse of poetry, and second, the translation strategies applied were literal translation and literal-meaning translation. These two findings are useful for exploring the use of comparative and contradictory figurative language as well as how to translate them so that the message is conveyed perfectly and the language style used by the translator is as beautiful as the poetry of the source language.
This study aimed at (1) analyzing the types of interlanguage errors in English writing assignment committed by 2 nd semester students at STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja, Bali, (2) analyzing dominant type of interlanguage errors in English writing assignment committed by 2 nd semester students at STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja, Bali, (3) describing the causes of interlanguage errors. The method applied is descriptive qualitative in nature with the subjects were 33 students of 2 nd semester in academic year 2020/2021 at STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja, Bali. The methods were used in this study were identifying the errors, classifying the errors, describing the frequency of errors, describing the dominant type of errors, and describing the causes of errors. There were 70 errors which are divided into three main categories, namely: morphological level (62), syntactical level ( 5), and discourse level (3) according to James (1998). The dominant type of error in this study was the word spellings in morphological level with the total number of errors were 46 errors. The causes of interlanguage error in students' writing namely interlingual transfer. Interlingual transfer is influenced by the structure of mother tongue.
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