Lignin from biomass waste (Black Liquor) was isolated by using sulfuric acid 25% and sodium hydroxide solutions 2N. The obtained lignin was reacted with Sodium Bisulfite to Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS). The best result was achieved at 80 ° C, pH 9, ratio of lignin and bisulfite 4: 1, for 2 hours, and 290 rpm stirring rate. The result of lignin formed was sulfonated using Sodium Bisulfite (NaHSO3) to Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS) whose results were tested by the role of groups in peak formation by FTIR and compared to the spectrum of Sodium Ligno Sulfonate made from pure Lignin (commercial) reacted with the commercial Sodium Bisulfite. The result can be seen by the typical functional groups present in the SLS.
The waste of pulp and paper industry in the form of Black Liquor still contained a large amount of lignin (12-46%). The high lignin content had the potential to make Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS) Surfactants by reacting Lignin with Sodium Bisulfite. Isolation of Lignin From Black Liquor was carried out at room temperature of 30°C, using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and 1N NaOH. The purpose of this study was to characterize SLS formed both physically and chemically. Characteristics of SLS were formed compared to commercial SLS. The SLS purification results were carried out by comparing the SLS results of the experiments with commercial SLS using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) equipment, and the purity was tested by UV-Vis. For Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), SLS was tested based on its characteristics using screening tests.
Declining oil production in Indonesia lately has been much discussed by industrial practitioners, especially from the petroleum industry. The decrease is due to the age of old drilling wells with high water cut (> 90%), so it is necessary to pursue a production method that can increase the production of these old wells. The EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) method is one way of extracting oil from oil wells that cannot be further retrieved by injecting materials that are not in the reservoir. One ingredient that can be injected is Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS) surfactant derived from lignin. Lignin was obtained from the lignin isolation process from Black Liquor, which in this study came from the pulp and paper mill waste of PT. Indah Kiat, Pekanbaru, Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in H2SO4 concentrations (concentrations of 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% w/w) on the yield of lignin isolation results, and to compare the functional groups between dirty lignin, clean lignin, and pure lignin using FT-IR. Based on the research results, it was found that the best lignin is lignin with an H2SO4 concentration of 20%, with the highest yield and the color of lignin produced tends to be similar to pure lignin. In addition, it was found that the peak of the net lignin group had more similarity with commercial lignin compared to crude lignin. Keywords: Lignin, Black Liquor, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), FTIR
Industri tahu memberikan sumbangan perekonomian negara dan menyediakan banyak lapangan pekerjaan, namun dalam proses pengolahannya menghasilkan limbah. Sebagian besar industri tahu skala rumah tangga merupakan industri kecil yang tidak dilengkapi dengan unit pengolahan air limbahnya. Biogas merupakan energi terbarukan (renewable) yang ramah lingkungan dan menjadi pilihan, memiliki peluang untuk pengembangannya sebagai energi alternatif yang mulai diperhitungkan oleh karena program penghematan energi dari bahan bakar minyak bumi sebagai energi fosil yang tidak dapat diperbarui (unrenewable). Kebutuhan bahan bakar bagi penduduk berpendapatan rendah maupun miskin, terutama di pedesaan sudah tidak lagi menggunakan minyak tanah (kerosene) namun sudah menggunakan gas LPG yang bisa keberadaannya langka dan harganya semakin mahal. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, diperlukan pemanfaatan energi terbarukan yang dapat dihasilkan dengan teknologi tepat guna yang relatif sederhana dan sesuai untuk daerah pedesaan adalah energi biogas dengan memproses limbah bio atau bio masa salah satu diantaranya limbah cair tahu didalam suatu alat kedap udara yang disebut digester
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