Background and Aims: The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is rapidly increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. This study aimed to identify the knowledge and practices of coronary artery diseases.Method: A cross sectional study and a purposive sampling method was used to select the cities and five different cities of Nepal were selected for this study. Literate people, one who can fill the questionnaire, voluntarily participated for this study during the free cardiac health camp organized by Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center. Total 356 participants participated in this study.Results: This study reveals that one fourth (22.5%) of the participants had excellent knowledge and 32.6% were with poor knowledge regarding the prevention of CAD (coronary artery disease), whereas one fifth had no risk factors of CAD and half of them had 2-3 risk factors. Maximum six risk factors were present only on 0.6%, regarding the practices, 31.7% of them monitored blood pressure at least once, (92.1%) haven’t had the blood sugar test yet whereas only 7.9% had lab test to monitor the blood sugar and blood cholesterol was done by 3.9%.Conclusion: This study concludes with the poor knowledge and practices on CAD. Awareness programs can help people to be aware of risk factors of CAD.
Background and Aims: Heart Failure (HF) with reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) is defined as the clinical diagnosis of HF and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40%, also referred to as systolic HF. Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) has shown to reduce mortality for HFrEF. We aim to evaluate adherence to GDMT treatment in our outpatients. Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study. All patients who attended the Department of preventive medicine and cardiac rehabilitation for medical counseling from October 2016 to May 2018 and have already completed 3 months of follow up for HF were included in this study. Performa was designed to collect patient information which included; age, gender, NYHA functional class, LVEF, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, creatinine, potassium and drugs with doses were recorded. Results: Among the 451 patients, ninety-nine (65.6%) were male and 52 (34.4%) were female. The mean age was 56.2±4.2 years. Most of the patients were in NYHA class II 114 (75.5%) and in Sinus rhythm 119 (79.4%). Mean LVEF was 26.6±6.1%. Dilated Cardiomyopathy was the most common clinical diagnosis in 76 (50.3%). Diuretic, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/Angitensin receptor blocker (AB), Aldosterone Antagonist, β-blocker and digoxin were prescribed in 151 (100%), 140 (93.3%), 127 (84.1%), 114 (75.4%) and 46 (30.4%) patients respectively. The mean dose of furosemide, Enalapril, Losartan, carvedilol, bisoprolol and metoprolol succinate was 45.3mg, 4.0mg, 33.2mg, 33.6mg, 18.8mg, 3.0mg, and 27.5mg was respectively. Conclusion: Our center's adherence to GDMT in HFrEF patients is comparable to international studies. We still need more effort to re-emphasize the importance of GDMT by focusing on the optimization of drug doses during out-patient visits.
Background and Aims: As employees spent most part of their time at the worksite, it provides a venue to address multiple individual risk factors and promote health. We aim to assess the prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease among the employees of Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: It was a prospective, single centre study conducted among randomly selected 129 (35.15%) out of 367 employees of our centre. All selected employees were subjected to detailed blood pressure, anthropometric and metabolic parameters measurement to identify risk factors. Results: Among the 129 participant 85(65.9%) were female and 44(34.1%) were male. Mean age was 25.8 years. Most of the patients 93(72%) were below the age of 40 years. Based upon BMI, 64(49.6%) were overweight, 20 (15.5%) were Obese, normal BMI was found in 38(29.9 %) where as underweight was found in 7(5.4%) employee. Based upon Central waist circumference Central waist obesity was common in female than male. Only 10(7.8%) of the employee were found to be hypertensive. Nineteen (14.7%) employee had RBS of ≥125mg/dl. Conclusions: The high prevalence of risk factors of coronary artery disease is alarming. There should be the urgent and targeted interventions to prevent, treat and control non communicable diseases and their risk factors.
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