Background Orthodontic debonding procedure produces inevitable enamel surface alterations, sequelae to which are enamel demineralization, sensitivity and retention of pigments. Several agents have been employed to counterbalance the same. The purpose of this study was (1) To evaluate the hypothesis that no significant difference exists in the remineralising potential of nano hydroxyapatite (NanoHAP) dentifrice and fluoridated dentifrice after orthodontic debonding, (2) To estimate the enamel topographic parameters following use of nano HAP dentifrice, post orthodontic debonding. Methods Sixty upper first bi-cuspids (30 subjects) planned for therapeutic extraction for the orthodontic treatment were bonded with a light cured adhesive. Envelope method of randomisation was followed in this prospective in-vivo study. In each subject, one of the first premolar brackets was debonded using a debonding plier and polished following standard protocols. Envelope method of randomisation was used to determine the side of the premolar to be debonded first. Patient was advised to use fluoridated (Group I) dentifrice for the first 15 days, then the first premolar was covered with a heavy-bodied putty cap, extracted and subjected to atomic force microscopy (AFM). Contralateral first premolar was then debonded and polished using similar protocol, and patient was advised to use nano hydroxyapatite dentifrice (Group II) for next 15 days. The premolar was then extracted and analyzed for surface roughness using AFM. The remineralizing potential of dentifrices was assessed by evaluating surface roughness parameters of the two groups and were compared using a two-sample t test. Results A significant difference was found amongst Group I (Fluoridated dentifrice) and Group II (NanoHAP dentifrice) (p > 0.001***) for enamel surface roughness variables which reflect remineralising potential of dentifrices. Group II showed significantly lesser value of surface roughness characteristics. Conclusions NanoHAP dentifrice was shown, after 15 days, to be superior to fluoridated dentifrice in remineralising enamel post orthodontic debonding.

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Introduction: Various options to treat deep bites nonsurgically involve extrusion of posterior teeth or intrusion of anterior teeth. Intrusion of anterior teeth is required in patients with excessive incisal display and to correct deep bite in adult patients when extrusion of posterior teeth is not desirable. Aim: To compare the rate of intrusion and dento-alveolar effects on maxillary anterior teeth by Kalra-Simultaneous Intrusion and Retraction loop (K-SIR loop) and Mini implant anchorage in subjects with deep overbite. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study included 12 patients with Class I or Class II Div 1 malocclusion having an overbite and overjet of >4 mm treated with therapeutic extractions of upper first premolars. Group A included six subjects treated using orthodontic Mini implants, while Group B had six subjects treated with K-SIR loop. Lateral cephalograms were taken before intrusion and retraction (T1) and at the end of six months (T2) into intrusion and retraction. Independent t-test and paired t-test was done for intergroup and intragroup comparison respectively. Results: The rate of intrusion was 0.38 mm/month and 0.31 mm/month for Group A and Group B, respectively. The amount of intrusion was significantly more in Temporary Anchorage Devices (TAD) group (p-value <0.01). Conclusion: In the TAD group, rate and amount of intrusion was significantly higher. There is no difference in vertical control between the two modalities statistically significant amount of molar extrusion was seen with the K-SIR loop group.

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Objectives: The aim of this review is to systematically analyze the efficacy of molar distalization using clear aligners in non-growing Class II patients. Materials and Methods: A complete search across the electronic database through PubMed, Cochrane, Google scholar, LILACS, and manual search of orthodontic journals were done till 2019. Studies were selected on the basis of PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of four articles were included in this review. The amount of molar distalization reported was 2–3 mm. Conclusion: Out of the four studies included. In all the studies a significant amount of distalization was reported. Three retrospective studies concluded that distalization with aligners is the most effective of all tooth movements. One study concluded that aligners effectively achieved distalization with an efficacy of 87%, other two studies concluded that aligners effectively distalized the molars with good control over vertical dimension and mesiodistal tipping.