Background: To analyze the cost ratio and percentage cost variations in different brands of the commonly prescribed anti-epileptic drugs available in Indian pharmaceutical market.Methods: The maximum and minimum price of each brand of the drug given in INR was noted by using CIMS January to April 2018 edition and drug today April to June 2018 Vol-1. The cost ratio and the percentage cost variation for individual drug brands was calculated. The cost of one bottle in case of 100ml syrup and 10 tablets/capsules was calculated in case of oral drugs and the cost of one 1 vial or ampoule was noted in case of injectable drugs. At last the cost ratio and percentage cost variation of various brands was compared.Results: After calculation of cost ratio and percentage cost variation for each brand of anti-epileptic drug tablet clonazepam (2mg) shows highest cost ratio and percentage cost variation as: 10.41 and 941.66, carbamazepine (200mg SR tablet) shows lowest cost ratio and percentage cost variation as: 1.09 and 9.32.Conclusions: Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder and Epileptic drugs are to be prescribed for prolonged period. If a costly brand is prescribed, the patients have to pay more money unnecessarily for their treatment. There is a wide difference in the cost of different brands of anti-epileptic drugs available in India. The clinicians prescribing these drugs should be aware of these variations in cost to reduce the cost of drug therapy.

The background of this study is Drug selection for PTSD is carefully selected based on experience and evidence. To reduce the hospital drug crisis, P-Drugs must be developed. The goal of personal formulary development is to improve the effectiveness, safety, availability of medicines in decision making. The aim of this study is to develop Personal formulary for post-traumatic stress disorder. Local residents educated and developed PTSD drug kits. Scores were assigned to marketed drugs using 4 parameters provided by Joshi and Jayavikramarajah: efficacy, safety, cost, and convenience of drug groups. Fractions were assigned according to the importance of the drug to give efficacy 0.4, safety 0.3, cost 0.2, and convenience 0.1. The evaluation was done in 4 dimensions from 1 to 10. Taking all the above factors into consideration, the SSRIS group received the highest score and was selected as the most suitable group for developing a personal PTSD formulary. Typically, paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine, escitalopram, and citalopram have been prescribed for post-traumatic stress in SSRIS. Among the five drugs, paroxetine has a good value for money. Paroxetine has little effect on other body systems and reduces induced PTSD. Therefore, paroxetine has the highest efficacy and safety. This project has significantly improved the skills of residents by developing a personal form after appropriate discussion in accordance with WHO goals. This will help to promote the rational use of medicines for residents in the future careers as doctors.

Background: Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) is a global health problem requiring attention of healthcare professionals. Healthcare professionals are backbone of pharmacovigilance programme and hence have a major role for better healthcare system. Aim: To assess the awareness of knowledge and practice of pharmacovigilance among residents in our health set-up. Materials and Methods: An observational, prospective and questionnaire-based study comprising 15 questions pertaining to Pharmacovigilance. 60 Residents (30 junior and 30 senior residents) from different clinical departments were sampled. Questionnaire was based on two alternative answers viz "Yes" or "No". Questions were further segregated into four classes for evaluation of awareness in different spheres of pharmacovigilance. A grading scale was used to determine the awareness of residents about pharmacovigilance. Statistical Analysis: Wilcoxon matched-pairs test using GraphPad Instat software. Results: This study was conducted in two visits. After second visit there was significant increase in response in which education encompassing pharmacovigilance was recommended by 61.66% of residents. Percentage of residents responding "yes" regarding established independent body for reporting of ADRs was 48.33%. Further, evaluation of awareness in different spheres of pharmacovigilance showed that fundamental knowledge of pharmacovigilance among residents was excellent in 21.66%, good in 45%, average in 10% and poor in 25% of the residents. Conclusions: Knowledge and practice of pharmacovigilance was improved among residents after giving proper sensitization. Hence, improved perception can remove the misconceptions, obstacles and barriers in practice of pharmacovigilance. Furthermore, large-scale awareness of pharmacovigilance is required among different healthcare professionals for better understanding of this system.