Malignant tumours of the thyroid gland are rare in children. The tumours tend to be advanced at the time of presentation, but the overall survival is still better as compared to adults. The use of radioiodine ablation or treatment for the post-thyroidectomy gland remnants or recurrences improves patient survival. The reports of a multimodal approach that involves surgery as the primary treatment along with radioiodine ablation (RIA) are rare in the pediatric age group. We describe here a child with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma treated with a multimodal approach.
Brucellosis, which is believed and categorized as an animal disease, can, surprisingly, be found in humans also. We report a 5-year boy presenting to us with prolonged (5 months) unexplained fever, non-tender discrete lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly and finally proved to be a case of brucellosis, which was treated appropriately. Brucellosis should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses causing prolonged fever in children.
How to cite this article: Mishra P, Mohanty PK, Som TK, Zakiulla M, Sahoo T. Need for a structured policy for discharging high-risk preterm neonatal intensive care unit graduate in the coronavirus disease pandemic era.
A full-term male baby was administered furosemide and enalapril for treatment of cardiac failure secondary to a ventricular septal defect. He also received piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin for 7 days for suspected early-onset neonatal sepsis. He developed anuria and raised creatinine and was referred with acute kidney injury (AKI)—neonatal KDIGO (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes) stage 3 on day 20. Urine output and renal parameters improved after discontinuing drugs and peritoneal dialysis. This case report highlights the importance of serial monitoring of kidney function tests while using nephrotoxic drugs and ensuring correct dosage and titration. In the early stages, AKI can be treated with conservative therapy but once established, renal replacement therapy might be required. It can also lead to chronic kidney disease.
Congenital chylothorax, the accumulation of chyle in pleural spaces, is a rare entity in neonatal period. However, it is a known cause of nonimmune hydrops with relatively good prognosis with early diagnosis and prompt medical management. Here, we report two cases of congenital chylothorax who were managed successfully with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and octreotide infusion.
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