Background: Z-drugs (zopiclone, zaleplon, and zolpidem) are commonly prescribed medicine classes associated with a risk of abuse, dependence or withdrawal.
Objective: The purpose of our work is to review the current knowledge on the evidence for z-drugs harms and estimate the prevalence of dispensed prescriptions.
Material and Methods: A literature review was conducted in PubMed database using the key words: “Zolpidem”, “Z-drugs”, “Abuse”, “Dependence”
Results: According to our findings, zolpidem should be prescribed with the same caution as BZDs, especially in patients with a history of drug abuse or in the elderly.
Conclusion: Psychiatrists and physicians should be aware of the misuse potential of zolpidem and adopt measures restricting its use.
Introduction: Pruritus in atopic dermatitis is one of the main symptoms of the disease and the one that causes a significant impact on quality of life. It is important to control itching because it’s not only an unplesant sense. Scratching topically deepen the dermatitis, damages the epidermal barrier causing additional infections possible and makes it harder to acheive a remission of the disease. It is also highly associated with stress and has an impact on mental health of the patient. In this article we present a summary of how pruritus affects the quality of life, mechanisms of pruritus and possible treatment.
Materials and methods: Our work is based on the articles published in PubMed, medical books and websites. We were looking for the key words such as ‘stress and itch’, ‘pruritus treatment’, ‘chronic itch in atopic dermatitis’, ‘itch and quality of life’.
Results: Patients with atopic dermatitis should come under miltidisciplinar treatment to acheive the best possible control of symptoms. This will result in higher quality of life and better mental health of the patient.
Conclusions: There is a high need to develop new targeted medications as contemporary medicine knows a lot more about the mechanism of pruritus. Many new types of treatment are being studied and soon we may have more options to choose in systemic and topical therapy. We should also concetrate more on a mental side of the disease.
Radiology and diagnostic imaging have undergone remarkable advancements in recent years, shaping the future of healthcare and improving patient outcomes. This review article provides an extensive overview of the developments and opportunities in various aspects of radiology, including CT, MRI, ultrasound, digital radiology, teleradiology, 3D printing, radiomics, radiogenomics, and nuclear radiology. It highlights the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning in radiology, the emergence of theranostics, and the exploration of the human microbiome. The article also delves into advanced imaging techniques for cardiovascular diseases, hybrid imaging modalities in oncology, and optical imaging. The summary emphasizes the importance of continued innovation and development in radiology and diagnostic imaging to enhance patient care and global health outcomes.
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