Background: Although frequently considered a benign condition, new evidence has shown that mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is associated with complex ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relevant studies to investigate the parameters that could identify MVP patients at higher risk of experiencing complex VAs. Method:We performed a systematic literature search of PubMed for potential studies between January 2010 and January 2021. Our meta-analysis included studies comparing MVP patients with complex VAs (A-MVP) and those without (NA-MVP). We used the fixed-effects model to obtain the odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR), or mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each analyzed parameter.Results: Six studies with 848 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. As compared to the NA-MVP patients, A-MVP patients had a higher prevalence of inverted
Post-traumatic seizures (PTS) have become an emerging challenge for neurologists worldwide with the rise of brain injuries. Trauma can lead to various outcomes, ranging from naive spasms to debilitating posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE). In this article, we will explore the pathogenesis of convulsions following a concussion. We will look at multiple studies to explain the various structural, metabolic, and inflammatory changes leading to seizures. Additionally, we will explore the association between severity and location of injury and PTE. PTE's pathophysiology is not entirely implicit, and we are still in the dark as to which antiepileptic drugs will be useful in circumventing these attacks. The purpose of this narrative review is to explain the post-traumatic brain changes in detail so that such attacks can be either thwarted or treated more resourcefully in the future.
Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is an obligate intracellular, Gram-negative bacterium that causes a variety of infections in both humans and animals. It is the causative agent of one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with sequelae such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. Furthermore, Chlamydia infections have been epidemiologically linked to cervical cancer (CC) in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) coinfection. However, a molecular mechanism linking Chlamydia to CC is yet to be established, and we still do not know if more aggressive diagnosis and treatment of Chlamydia could possibly lead to lower incidences of CC and associated mortality. Since CC is a leading cause of death among women worldwide, and HPV infection alone is insufficient to cause cancer, our goal was to determine the link between Chlamydia, HPV, and CC. This literature review aimed to understand the pathologic model of CC and how Chlamydia might induce or promote carcinogenesis alone or alongside HPV. In addition, we compared multiple studies attempting to associate Chlamydial infection with CC in different populations and aimed to determine whether there is an epidemiological correlation or not.
Heart failure (HF) is one of the most common causes of hospitalization in the geriatric age group, above 65 years. It is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and bad prognosis. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a common condition present in this age group that significantly affects the cardiovascular system. Thus, this review attempts to elaborate on the association between subclinical hypothyroidism and heart failure in terms of their prevalence, pathogenesis, prognosis, and possible management in a geriatric age group. Among the various published literature on this topic on PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar, 36 relevant studies were selected to correlate this association. We found that both SCH and HF can be present concurrently in this age group. Especially in the geriatric population with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) higher than ten mIu/L, there is an increased incidence of heart failure and a worse prognosis with preexisting heart failure. However, randomized controlled trials will be needed to explore further whether treatment is warranted or not in this age group.
Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background The current guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology recommends dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT) including a new-generation P2Y12-inhibitor ticagrelor and aspirin for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with or without ST segment elevation (STEMI). However, the efficacy and safety profile of standard DAPT regimen clopidogrel and aspirin (CDAPT) vs. new DAPT regiment ticagrelor and aspirin (TDAPT) is controversial in geriatric population with age >70 years given this population is a high risk for bleeding due to frailty and recurrent of ACS. Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of DAPT regimens including CDAPT or TDAPT for elderly patients >70 years presenting with ACS with or without ST-segment elevation. Methods Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane) were searched from inception to November 28th, 2020. Using a generic invariance weighted fixed effects model, Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from individual studies were converted to Log HRs and corresponding standard errors, which were then pooled. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)and was defined as a composite of death, myocardial reinfarction and stroke. The secondary outcome was any major bleeding events. Results- A total of four studies with 18365 participants was included in our analysis.Mean age was 79.4 and 79.2 in the CDAPT and TDAPT groups respectively. Average follow up period was 12 months. There is no difference in MACCE among CDAPT and TDAPT( HR 0.93, 95%CI 0.86-1.01;P = 0.10). However, TDAPT is associated with high risk of major bleeding as compared to CDAPT (HR 1.15, 95%CI 1.02-1.29; P = 0.02) (Figure 1). We had no publication bias in our results (Egger’s regression p > 0.05). Conclusion- Amongst geriatric patients aged 70 years or older with ACS with or without STEMI, TDAPT has the same MACCE as compared to CDAPT while TDAPT can have high major bleeding. Abstract Figure. A)MACCE B)Major Bleeding events
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.