Aim: This review intends to provide a highlight on the potential application of salivary proteomics in periodontal diagnosis and attempts to throw light on the emerging salivary diagnostic tools for periodontal disease detection. Background: Clinical parameters for detection of periodontitis such as probing depth, attachment level, bleeding on probing, plaque index, and radiographic assessment of alveolar bone loss provide information on the severity of periodontitis, but they do not measure disease activity. Ideally, development and application of rapid and simple diagnostic tests based on host salivary or immune factors may facilitate early detection of patients at risk for periodontal diseases, allow appropriate intervention, decrease the need for more aggressive treatment and improve the response to periodontal therapy. Results: Studies have shown that saliva could be used as a diagnostic fluid as it is one of the inexpensive, noninvasive and easy-to-use diagnostic methods. Salivary constituents that have been studied as potential diagnostic biomarkers for periodontal disease includes locally produced proteins of host and bacterial origin, genetic/genomic biomarkers such as DNA and mRNA of host origin, bacteria and bacterial products, ions, steroid hormones and volatile compounds. Conclusion: Periodontal oral diagnostic devices will enable screening of large populations, more quickly and effectively. Use of salivary biomarkers to sample large populations will help to identify at-risk groups more effectively and increase access to treatment for those most at need, thereby, improving public health.
Introduction: Medical education is a demanding one with thousands of students appearing for the entrance examinations. The preparation for the examination can take a toll on the students. Despite this virtually no studies have looked into the mental health state of these students.
Material and Method: 261 students preparing for medical entrance examinations in a coaching institute were assessed using DASS-21 and Brief COPE Inventory.
Results: 63.8%, 82% and 51.3% of the participants reported suffering from depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress respectively of which 8%, 23% and 1.9% reported suffering from extremely severe depression, anxiety and stress respectively. Students mostly used planning, positive reframing and active coping to cope with the stress.
Conclusion: Students preparing for medical entrance suffered from considerable stress and psychological interventions need to be formulated to help them.
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