Cascabela thevetia (Thevetia peruviana) giant milkweed, is known for its pharmacological importance for centuries. The chemical constituents of Thevetia peruviana leaves are amyrin, amyrin acetate, ?-sitosterol, urosolic acid, cardenolides, calotropin. The anti-arthritic activity of Thevetia peruviana leaves in comparison with Diclofenac was evaluated through in-vitro studies. In-vitro studies revealed anti-arthritic effects (p< 0.05) of crude extracts of aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic and chloroform of Thevetia peruviana leaves on bovine serum albumin as evident for % inhibition protein denaturation. Different extracts of Thevetia peruviana leaves were found to possess in-vitro antiarthritic activity against BSA, using diclofenac as the reference standard which are Dose-dependent (100µg/ml, 250µg/ml, 500µg/ml). Chloroform extract has shown better activity comparing the other extracts.
Jamun (Syzygium cumini L.) seed is one of the rich sources of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant potential and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. A study was conducted to optimize the methodology for the extraction of polyphenolic compounds (total phenolic and flavonoid contents) with antioxidant potential and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from Jamun seed powder. The study showed that the nature of solvent and extraction conditions had a significant effect on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant potential, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The TPC varied between 6.0 (mg/g Jamun seed powder) for the acetone extract to 119.2 (mg/g) for 80% aqueous acetone extract and TFC varied between 1.06 mg/g for the acetone to 10.81 mg/g for the 80% aqueous methanol. From the study, it was apparent that an aqueous form of acetone (acetone: water 80:20, v/v) is a better solvent system for extraction of polyphenolic compounds with high antioxidant potential and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Ultrasonication for 60 min increased the efficiency of phenolic extraction.
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