We have studied quantum phase transition induced by a quench in different one dimensional spin systems. Our analysis is based on the dynamical mechanism which envisages nonadiabaticity in the vicinity of the critical point. This causes spin fluctuation which leads to the random fluctuation of the Berry phase factor acquired by a spin state when the ground state of the system evolves in a closed path. The two-point correlation of this phase factor is associated with the probability of the formation of defects. In this framework, we have estimated the density of defects produced in several one dimensional spin chains. At the critical region, the entanglement entropy of a block of L spins with the rest of the system is also estimated which is found to increase logarithmically with L. The dependence on the quench time puts a constraint on the block size L. It is also pointed out that the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model in point-splitting regularized form appears as a combination of the XXX model and Ising model with magnetic field in the negative z-axis. This unveils the underlying conformal symmetry at criticality which is lost in the sharp point limit.Our analysis shows that the density of defects as well as the scaling behavior of the entanglement entropy follows a universal behavior in all these systems.

Equation (26) of [1] contains a typographical error. The correct equation reads lnL 0.03(lnτ Q ) 2 + 0.5lnτ q .[1] P. Majumdar and P. Bandyopadhyay, Phys. Rev. A 81, 012311 (2010).

It is known that at the critical point of a zero-temperature quantum phase transition in a one-dimensional spin system the entanglement entropy of a block of L spins with the rest of the system scales logarithmically with L with a prefactor determined by the central charge of the relevant conformal field theory. When we introduce critical slowing down incorporating the Kibble-Zurek mechanism of defect formation induced by a quench, the implicit nonadiabatic transition disturbs the scaling behavior. We have shown that in this case the entanglement entropy also obeys a scaling law such that it increases logarithmically with L but the prefactor depends on the quench time. This puts a constraint on the block size L so that we cannot arbitrarily choose it. Thus, the entanglement entropy obeys the scaling law only in a restrictive sense due to the formation of defects.

This paper demonstrates the quantization of a spatial Cournot duopoly model with product choice, a two stage game focusing on non-cooperation in locations and quantities. With quantization, the players can access a continuous set of strategies, using continuous variable quantum mechanical approach. The presence of quantum entanglement in the initial state identifies a quantity equilibrium for every location pair choice with any transport cost. Also higher profit is obtained by the firms at Nash equilibrium. Adoption of quantum strategies rewards us by the existence of a larger quantum strategic space at equilibrium.

We study the magnetic-field dependence of the entanglement entropy in quantum phase transition induced by a quench of the XX, XXX, and Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) models. The entropy for a block of L spins with the rest follows a logarithmic scaling law where the block size L is restricted due to the dependence of the prefactor on the quench time. Within this restricted region the entropy undergoes a renormalization group (RG) flow. From the RG flow equation we have analytically determined the magnetic field dependence of the entropy. The anisotropy parameter dependence of the entropy for the XY and the LMG models has also been studied in this framework. The results are found to be in excellent agreement with that obtained by other authors from numerical studies without any quench.