The recent discoveries of both dicationic and monoanionic ferrocene derivatives throw light on the effect of the substituents on the C5 ring as well as the choice of redox agents and solvent system in the preparation of previously believed to be difficult synthetic targets. These oxidized and reduced forms of ferrocene are of interest to spectroscopists, magnetochemists, and theoreticians.
The recent discoveries of both dicationic and monoanionic ferrocene derivatives throw light on the effect of the substituents on the C5 ring as well as the choice of redox agents and solvent system in the preparation of previously believed to be difficult synthetic targets. These oxidized and reduced forms of ferrocene are of interest to spectroscopists, magnetochemists, and theoreticians.
A new technique for sensing turbulence in single-phase fluid flow by pulsed ultrasound is developed. The velocity component of turbulence perpendicular to the flow axis is sensed by two ultrasonic transducers mounted diametrically opposite on the pipe. The technique facilitates detecting variations in time of flight of two ultrasonic pulses transmitted simultaneously in the opposite directions and perpendicular to the flow axis, The flow velocity is obtained from the position of the peak in the cross correlation function of the turbulence signals sensed at two locations on the pipe. A numerical simulation of the technique based on a theoretical model has been carried out. The technique has been implemented to measure volumetric flow noninvasively in a water circulation system with PVC pipes.
The anti-diabetic effect of Caesalpinia bonducella leaf extracts was tested in streptozotocininduced hyperglycemia. Significant antihyperglycemic effect was generated by oral treatment of the extracts (400 mg/kg). The same study examined the effects of the extracts on diabetesinduced hyperlipidemia, finding that they dramatically reduced both the raised cholesterol and LDL levels. The extracts' antihyperglycemic effects may be brought about by their ability to prevent glucose absorption. The medicine may have both antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects. Keywords: - Caesalpinia bonducella, antihyperglycemic, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, diabetes, cholesterol.
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