Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules used primarily for cleaning. Petroleum-based surfactants have a high production rate, but are non-biodegradable and destructive to the environment. Environmentally friendly biosurfactants are therefore becoming increasingly important. In addition to not being toxic; they are environmentally safe and mild to the skin. Depending on their structure, there are different types of biosurfactants. One of the types are the glycolipids, they are low molecular weight biosurfactants, and consist of sophorolipids. Sophorolipids are getting more attention as alternative to petroleum-based surfactants due to excellent stability at various pH levels, temperatures, and salinities. In addition to being anti-microbial, they have excellent wetting and foaming abilities and act as emulsifiers. There are numerous applications of sophorolipids in food, agriculture, biomedicine, cosmetics and personal care.
Background: Synthetic surfactants, when released into the environment, do not degrade completely and show harmful effects. To minimize the damage to the environment and to introduce milder surfactants, it was necessary to introduce bio-surfactants. Objective: Optimization of the yield is performed by using a design expert model. The analysis of the product was carried out by using different techniques. The formulation of the personal care product was prepared by using the sophorolipid produced. Mode of synthesis: Different compositions of raw materials are used, suggested by Design expert software to optimize the yield of the sophorolipid. Fermentation was performed by the shake flask method at specified conditions in the incubator shaker for the synthesis. The extraction and separation of the sophorolipid were done by the solvent extraction method. Results: The predicted product yield value is close to the actual value of the product obtained, which indicates the model is accurate to use. The effect of the raw materials on the yield can be studied with the design expert model. The product is analyzed for its composition and properties with different analysis methods. Conclusion: Mathematical modelling is very helpful in predicting the optimum reaction condition and improving the yield of a particular bio-process. The RSM model of design expert software can be further utilized to carry out the in-detail study of the various factors and their effect on optimizing the yield. The sophorolipid can be used in different formulations as a greener and safe alternative to a chemical-based surfactant.
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