Background:Liquid-based cytology technique enables cells to be suspended in a liquid medium and spread in a monolayer, making better morphological assessment. Automated techniques have been widely used, but limited due to cost and availability.Aim:The aim was to establish manual liquid-based cytology (MLBC) technique on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) material and compare its results with conventional technique.Materials and Methods:In this study, we examined cells trapped in needles hub used for the collection of FNAC samples. 50 cases were examined by the MLBC technique and compared with the conventional FNAC technique. By centrifugation, sediment was obtained and imprint was taken on defined area. Papanicolaou (Pap) and May-Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) staining was done. Direct smears and MLBC smears were compared for cellularity, background, cellular preservation, and nuclear preservation. Slides were diagnosed independently by two cytologists with more than 5 years’ experience. Standard error of proportion was used for statistical analysis.Results:Cellularity was low in MLBC as compared with conventional smears, which is expected as remnant material in the needle hub was used. Nuclei overlap to a lesser extent and hemorrhage and necrosis was reduced, so cell morphology can be better studied in the MLBC technique. P value obtained was <0.05.Conclusion:This MLBC technique gives results comparable to the conventional technique with better morphology. In a set up where aspirators are learners, this technique will ensure adequacy due to remnant in needle hub getting processed
Introduction: Though Fine needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is good method for diagnosis of lesions, sometimes it does not provide precise diagnosis due to inadequate material. Present study was based on use of residual FNAC material to make cell block in order to find out utility of cell block preparation of FNAC.
Material and Methods:The two years prospective study carried out in a tertiary Heath care hospital of central India, included 360 patients referred for FNAC of the lesions from all body sites. After making the conventional FNAC smears, the remaining material in the needle hub and syringe was obtained by flushing it with 10% alcohol -formalin. After centrifugation the supernatant was decanted and deposit fixed in freshly prepared 10% alcohol-formalin. After half an hour alcohol-formalin was drained, cell button was taken on whatman-filter paper and processed as surgical tissue in automated tissue processing machine. FNAC smears and cell block sections were examined separately for cellularity, reporting done and results correlated with histopathology.Results: Of 360 cases FNAC smears and cell blocks were adequate in 324(90%) and 313(86.94%) cases respectively. Statastical analysis was done in 98 cases in which histopathology available. Sensitivity of FNAC was 88.06%,specificity of 92.86% and accuracy of 89.47%. Sensitivity of cell block was 90.91%, specificity of 92.86% and accuracy of 91.47%. Sensitivity of combined FNAC and cell block technique was increased to 98.53% with specificity of 93.33% and accuracy of 96.94%.
Conclusion:Cell blocks as an adjuvant to FNAC smears is very effective technique in cytology to reach the definitive diagnosis.
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