The larynx is part of the upper respiratory tract and is responsible for phonation. It allows air to pass between the pharynx and the trachea, but prevents food from entering the airways. Laryngeal neoplasms, including rhabdomyosarcomas, are uncommon in dogs. However, these tumors can trigger numerous progressive clinical signs related to respiratory difficulty and altered phonation. The diagnosis of laryngeal cancer should be made based on the history and symptoms of the patient, combined with complementary tests. The treatment of choice is surgical excision, combined or not with chemotherapy. In view of the low incidence of laryngeal cancer, the objective of the present work was to describe a case of laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma detected during necropsy of an adult dog and diagnosed by histopathology, in addition to raising awareness about the importance of the diagnosis and early therapy for the quality of life and survival of affected patients. The results showed that the location of the tumor impaired its early diagnosis. Although malignant, the animal did not develop metastases as has been described in the literature.
Polyalthic acid (PA) is a diterpene present in several trees of the Copaifera genus, with reported antitumor activity but poor water solubility. The aim of this work was the incorporation of PA in polymeric nanoparticles and the evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of this formulation in tumor (MCF-7) and normal (MCF-10A) breast cell lines. The nanoparticles were obtained by nanoprecipitation, using poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as the main material. Scanning electron microscopy showed nanoparticles with semispherical morphology, and dynamic light scattering measures revealed negative surface charge and average size of 98.64 ± 28 nm. The encapsulation efficiency was 98% and the drug loading was 15.6% ± 0.02%. Treatments with PA nanoparticles reduced cell proliferation more efficiently than free PA and the effect was selective on MCF-7 cells. Comet assay revealed a selective DNA damage induction by the nanoformulation on the tumor cells, which probably caused the antiproliferative effect. Our results show that PA incorporated in PLGA nanoparticles has potential as a selective cytostatic and genotoxic agent against MCF-7 cells.
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir un caso de carcinoma de páncreas exocrinoen un paciente canino, macho, raza Poodle de 10 años de edad. El motivo de la consulta fueorina oscura e ictericia. El animal presentaba sintomatología inespecífica junto con hallazgosfísicos inconclusos. En ecografía abdominal se logró visualizar un nódulo en cuerpo depáncreas que fue confirmado bajo laparotomía exploratoria. El diagnóstico se corroboró conbiopsia del tejido pancreático y marcación inmunohistoquímica. El tejido fue negativo parainsulina, glucagón, somastatina y vimentina; y positivo para citoqueratina (AE1/AE3) ycitoqueratina 19. El diagnóstico fue de carcinoma de páncreas exocrino. El paciente evidencióuna respuesta clínica desfavorable que lo llevo a la muerte siete días después. En la necropsiase observó un notable cambio estructural en páncreas y evidencia de metástasis en órganosadyacentes no antes percibidos en la laparotomía demostrando así la agresividad de este tipode tumor.
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