The manufacturing industry is considered as one important sector, which has a significant influence on the economic growth of a country. The increase of fierce competition among products requires the company to satisfy their customers by making high-quality products with competitive prices and at on-time deliveries. This study aims to implement lean manufacturing in one of the furniture companies in Indonesia to minimize waste in the production floor. Value Stream Mapping (VSM) will be used as a tool to identify waste by separating value-added activities and non-value added activities in the production process. A future state map is developed with new and improved processes. Future state map makes the improved process more effective and more efficient. The critical waste found on the production floor in motion. Improvements are made using 5W1H techniques and ECRS principles, two simple tools of kaizen. The workload of operator consideration was also done to avoid bottlenecks and decrease the lead time. The result was quietly remarkable as the lead time decreased by around 4.79% and able to balance the workload received by the operator.

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Cleaner production is a strategy to reduce environmental pollution and also reducing resources consumption. The aim of this research was to choose alternative solutions for the implementation of cleaner production in printed batik in Batik Puspa Keywords: batik, cleaner production, ergonomic checklist, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) ABSTRAKProduksi bersih merupakan strategi untuk mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dan secara bersamaan mengurangi konsumsi sumber daya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih alternatif solusi penerapan produksi bersih pada batik printing IKM Batik Puspa Kencana dengan menggunakan metode AHP. Proses produksi pada batik printing IKM Batik Puspa Kencana menghasilkan limbah lingkungan berupa konsumsi energi, air, dan bahan baku yang berlebihan; pembuangan limbah cair langsung ke sungai; dan penggunaan zat pewarna kimia yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan. Identifikasi masalah menggunakan daftar periksa ergonomi khusus produksi bersih, meliputi penggunaan energi secara umum, penggunaan air secara umum, penggunaan material dan bahan kimia secara umum, serta pencegahan polusi dan limbah secara umum. Kemudian pemecahan masalah dengan fishbone diagram dan Metode 5W1H (Apa, Dimana, Siapa, Kapan, Mengapa, dan Bagaimana) sehingga diperoleh beberapa alternatif solusi. Selanjutnya Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) menilai bobot alternatif solusi berdasarkan aspek teknis, ekonomis, dan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa "Membeli zat pewarna yang sering digunakan saja" merupakan alternatif solusi penerapan produksi bersih yang tepat untuk diterapkan pada perusahaan. Produksi bersih bisa dilakukan dengan cara membeli bahan baku sesuai kebutuhan dan pada saat yang tepat.Kata kunci: batik, produksi bersih, daftar periksa ergonomi, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) PENDAHULUANProduksi bersih merupakan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan yang bersifat preventif dan terpadu, yang perlu diterapkan secara berkesinambungan pada proses produksi dan daur hidup produk dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi dampak terhadap manusia dan lingkungan (UNEP, 2003). Idealnya setiap kegiatan industri berusaha untuk mencegah pencemaran sebelum pencemaran itu terjadi. Konsep end-of-pipe-treatment menitik beratkan pada pengolahan dan pembuangan limbah. Konsep ini tidak sepenuhnya mampu memecahkan masalah lingkungan yang ada, sehingga pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan terus terjadi. Konsep endof-pipe-treatment memerlukan biaya yang besar, sehingga faktor biaya menjadi kendala bagi industri skala kecil dan menengah. Permasalahan ini yang mengakibatkan terjadinya pencemaran dan perusakan lingkungan yang kondisinya semakin parah apabila dibarengi dengan lemahnya penegakan hukum.

Kerupuk merupakan makanan kering khas Indonesia yang terbuat dari bahan dasar tepung tapioka dan sudah sangat dikenal oleh masyarakat. Industri kerupuk yang banyak tersebar di wilayah Indonesia sebagian besar masih merupakan Industri Rumah Tangga (IRT) yang proses produksinya dikerjakan secara tradisional. Setiap industri rumah tangga yang menghasilkan olahan pangan wajib memiliki SPP-IRT (Sertifikat Produksi Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga). SPP-IRT diperlukan oleh pelaku IRT agar dapat memperluas pasar penjualan dan memasuki pasar ritel modern. Untuk mendapatkan SPP-IRT terdapat beberapa aspek yang dinilai sesuai dengan peraturan CPPB (Cara Produksi Pangan yang Baik) yang diatur oleh BPOM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan CPPB pada IRT kerupuk SALA dengan menggunakan daftar periksa CPPB-WISE sebagai upaya perbaikan proses produksi dan pemenuhan standar untuk mendapatkan SPP-IRT. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tujuh tahap yaitu identifikasi kondisi di kerupuk SALA, pemeriksaan daftar periksa CPPB di industri kerupuk SALA, pemeriksaan daftar periksa WISE di industri kerupuk SALA, penyusunan daftar periksa CPPB-WISE, pembobotan kriteria dan subkriteria daftar periksa CPPB-WISE dengan metode AHP, rekapitulasi pembobotan daftar periksa CPPB –WISE, dan usulan alternatif perbaikan proses produksi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat lima kriteria yang menjadi prioritas perbaikan berdasarkan evaluasi penilaian daftar periksa GMP-WISE dan juga diberikan usulan berupa penerapan budaya kerja 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, dan Shitsuke) di IRT kerupuk SALA.

This study aims to investigate the potential hazards and accidents that might occur at batik printing PT. Batik Merak Manis and recommends practical solutions to enhance safety and health at the workplace. This research adopts Hazard Identification Risk Assessment (HIRA) and Hazard and Operability Studies (HAZOP) to perform risk identification and assessment in the workplace. There are 17 findings of potential hazards in the production areas of batik printing which can be categorized into five types of hazards including: workers attitude, work posture, work procedure, workstation, and physical work environment. Of the risk assessment, the obtained value of 34% in the category of extreme hazard, 24% hazard in the high and medium category respectively, and 18% lower hazard category. Proposed improvements are made based HAZOP analysis worksheet. The proposed practical solutions include improvements in work attitude, work posture, and physical work environment.

This research focuses on the minimum process of classifying three upper arm movements (elbow extension, shoulder extension, combined shoulder and elbow extension) of humans with three electromyography (EMG) signals, to control a 2-degrees of freedom (DoF) robotic arm. The proposed minimum process consists of four parts: time divisions of data, Teager–Kaiser energy operator (TKEO), the conventional EMG feature extraction (i.e., the mean absolute value (MAV), zero crossings (ZC), slope-sign changes (SSC), and waveform length (WL)), and eight major machine learning models (i.e., decision tree (medium), decision tree (fine), k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) (weighted KNN, KNN (fine), Support Vector Machine (SVM) (cubic and fine Gaussian SVM), Ensemble (bagged trees and subspace KNN). Then, we compare and investigate 48 classification models (i.e., 47 models are proposed, and 1 model is the conventional) based on five healthy subjects. The results showed that all the classification models achieved accuracies ranging between 74–98%, and the processing speed is below 40 ms and indicated acceptable controller delay for robotic arm control. Moreover, we confirmed that the classification model with no time division, with TKEO, and with ensemble (subspace KNN) had the best performance in accuracy rates at 96.67, recall rates at 99.66, and precision rates at 96.99. In short, the combination of the proposed TKEO and ensemble (subspace KNN) plays an important role to achieve the EMG classification.

This article sought to address issues related to human-robot cooperation tasks focusing especially on robotic operation using bio-signals. In particular, we propose to develop a control scheme for a robot arm based on electromyography (EMG) signal that allows a cooperative task between humans and robots that would enable teleoperations. A basic framework for achieving the task and conducting EMG signals analysis of the motion of upper limb muscles for mapping the hand motion is presented. The objective of this work is to investigate the application of a wearable EMG device to control a robot arm in real-time. Three EMG sensors are attached to the brachioradialis, biceps brachii, and anterior deltoid muscles as targeted muscles. Three motions were conducted by moving the arm about the elbow joint, shoulder joint, and a combination of the two joints giving a two degree of freedom. Five subjects were used for the experiments. The results indicated that the performance of the system had an overall accuracy varying from 50% to 100% for the three motions for all subjects. This study has further shown that upper-limb motion discrimination can be used to control the robotic manipulator arm with its simplicity and low computational cost.

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