Does institutional quality affect firms’ decision to invest in R&D? This paper investigates the idea that well-functioning pro-market institutions spur firms’ R&D propensity by reducing transaction costs and uncertainties related to research and innovation activities. Evidence from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys on a large sample of firms in 57 developing and transition economies between 2002 and 2017 corroborates this idea. Controlling for countries’ level of economic development, industry fixed effects and a number of firm-level characteristics, the results show that firms’ propensity to invest in R&D is higher in countries in which national institutions ensure socio-political stability and enforcement of law and contracts.
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