Abstract. In conventional prospecting, scalar CSAMT measurement simplicity and low operational cost. Since the structure of earth's conductivity is complex, the scalar CSAMT The complex conditions need or tensor CSAMT, to interpret interpretation. A full solution 1D CSAMT forward modeling and used to interpret both vector and scalar CSAMT data. constrained inversion was interpretations. The results indicate the importance of vector CSAMT data in complex geological system. In conventional controlled-source audio-magnetotelluric (CSAMT) scalar CSAMT measurement is usually performed because of its simplicity and low operational cost. Since the structure of earth's conductivity is CSAMT method can lead to a less accurate interpretation. s need more sophisticated measurements, such as vector interpret the data. This paper presents 1D vector CSAMT ution 1D CSAMT forward modeling has been developed and used to interpret both vector and scalar CSAMT data. Occam's smoothness was used to test the vector and scalar CSAMT interpretations. The results indicate the importance of vector CSAMT to interpret CSAMT data in complex geological system. Keywords
The LUSI mud volcano in the sub-district of Porong, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia started to erupt on 29 May 2006. An almost continuous eruption of a mixture of mud, water and gas has occurred around this area since this date. The eruption triggered vertical and horizontal ground deformation. From June 2006 to December 2010, 14 global positioning system campaigns were conducted to observe the ground deformation using c. 50 stations sparsely located up to 10 km from the eruption centre. Field observations of cracks, terrestrial laser scanning and geo-electrical measurements have also been used to infer the ground deformation signature around the LUSI mud volcano. More than 150 pairs of interferograms generated from 66 ALOS PALSAR images from June 2006 to December 2009 have also been used to study the ground deformation caused by the LUSI mud volcano. The LUSI mud eruption began only 200 m from where the Lapindo Inc. oil company was drilling for oil and gas. The drilling may have pierced a deeper high-pressure zone, causing an underground blow-out of the drillhole into a hydrofracture. Alternatively, the magnitude 6.3 Yogyakarta earthquake, which was located c. 275 km from the eruption site and occurred two days before the LUSI eruption, may have shaken the area sufficiently to cause the eruption by reactivating a fault in the region and liquefying the mud. These two hypotheses for triggering the mud volcano have been argued vehemently and still remain controversial. The ground deformation signatures provide important clues to understanding the trigger for the eruption and to solve this controversy. Co-seismic fault reactivation has its own typical ground deformation signature. This study used global positioning system and InSAR techniques, as well as field observations of cracks, terrestrial laser scanning and geo-electrical measurements, to determine the signature of ground deformation around the LUSI mud volcano and to explain the triggering mechanism.
Abstract. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) data are usually interpreted in terms of a 1D resistivity model using linearized inversion. The local approach of a non-linear inverse problem has fundamental limitations, i.e. the necessity of a starting model close to the solution and possible convergence to a local rather than a global minimum solution. We studied the application of a global search approach for non-linear inversion using the guided random search method to model VES data. A quasi-2D resistivity model can be created by stitching 1D models obtained from VES data along a profile. Both vertical and lateral resistivity variations are minimized to incorporate a 2D smoothness constraint. The proposed method was applied to invert synthetic VES data as well as field data from a sedimentary environment. Both synthetic and field data inversions resulted in models that correlated well with the known synthetic model and with the geology of the study area, respectively.
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