Yakson is a Korean therapeutic touch given to neonates and infants by caressing their abdomen with one hand while the other hand is placed on the back of the neonate\infant either to relieve their pain or to calm them down. It was traditionally used by Koreans by caressing the aching body part of their children with a belief that it would relieve their pain. In spite of clinical evidence of its usefulness, there is limited literature available on Yakson touch. A systematic narrative review (SNR) was undertaken on studies that were carried out on the effectiveness of Yakson touch on infants and neonates. Only seven studies were detected from five major electronic databases, searched with the keywords: “Yakson,“ “Yakson touch,” and “Yakson in neonates”. One of the studies has been included in two Cochrane reviews by the same group of researchers published in 2011 and 2015, respectively, and also in a literature review. The evidence from these articles suggests that Yakson touch is able to increase the sleep scores of infants, affects their behavioral response, decreases the stress levels, increases maternal attachment, and has calming effects on them. However, the number of studies is limited, and thus the efficacy of this intervention has not been sufficiently established. Hence, there is a definite need for future studies to prove the efficacy of Yakson to include it in the early intervention programs. This SNR is aimed at compiling the studies which determined to prove the efficacy of the intervention of Yakson.
Background: The aim of our study was to compare sensory and motor block characteristics and hemodynamic changes following intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5%) and isobaric levobupivacaine (0.5%) in elective lower limb and lower abdominal surgeries.Methods: 60 patients of either sex, aged 18-60 years, ASA grade I or II scheduled for elective lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries were randomized into two groups, group B (n=30) and group L (n=30) and received either 3 ml of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine or isobaric levobupivacaine intrathecally.Results: The mean time of onset of sensory block at shin of tibia in both the groups was comparable i.e. levobupivacaine (1.19±0.2 minutes) and bupivacaine (1.1+0.2 minutes). The mean time for total duration of sensory block was 211.1±8.2 minutes in group L, while 193.13±13.7 minutes in group B. Time for total duration of motor block in group L was 198.76±8.428 minutes and in group B was 182.6±13.989 minutes. Statistically significant difference was observed in total duration of sensory and motor block in both levobupivaciane and bupivacaine group (p<0.0001). Patients in group L were hemodynamically more stable with significantly less decrease in pulse rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure as compared to group B.Conclusions: We observed that 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine provided better hemodynamic stability, longer duration of sensory and motor block as compared to bupivacaine.
Background: The aim of the study was to compare sensory and motor block characteristics, sedation score, post-operative analgesia and hemodynamic changes following epidural ropivacaine 15 ml (0.75%) supplemented with either dexmedetomidine (1 µg/kg) or fentanyl (1 µg/kg) in lower limb orthopedic surgery.Methods: The study was conducted in 60 patients of either sex belonging to ASA status I , II or III, aged 20 to 60 years undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgeries. In this prospective, randomized controlled study patients were divided into two different groups. Group RD receiving dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg+15 ml ropivacaine (0.75%) and group RF receiving fentanyl 1 mcg/kg+15 ml ropivacaine (0.75%). Each group included 30 patients.Results: The onset of sensory analgesia at shin of tibia was significantly early with dexmedetomidine (251.7±131.9 secs) as compared to fentanyl (503±63 secs) and similarly the onset of motor block was significantly early in group RD (533±239.6 secs) as compared to group RF (712.66±90.25 secs). Time for complete motor blockade was also significantly faster with group RD (57.1±5.1 mins) as compared to (61.5±3.2 mins) in group RF. The mean time for two segment regression was 274.3±43.6 mins in group RD, while 243.2±19.2 mins in group RF which was statistically significant (p<0.05). The decrease in heart rate, systolic, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure was significantly more in group RD as compared to RF.Conclusions: Addition of dexmedetomidine to epidural ropivacaine produces rapid onset of sensory and motor blockade, prolonged duration of analgesia, with better hemodynamic stability as compared to fentanyl, hence being a useful alternative adjuvant.
Introduction: About 15 million babies are born preterm annually, with every year almost 1 million dying from complications and survivors prone to lifetime disability. Yakson The present study may provide valuable information about early intervention to the neonatal physiotherapist, intensivist, nursing staff and parents of neonates.
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