Ambidexterity is an important driver of organizational success to meet the future needs of fast‐changing markets. Building on the organizational ambidexterity (OA) literature, this study investigates the concept of OA from the emerging market perspective. It adopts semantic network analysis and meta‐analysis to identify the factors affecting OA in emerging markets. Semantic network analysis measures degree and eigenvector centralities to understand how the studied words are connected to OA in emerging markets. Meta‐analysis summarizes the factors affecting OA in the emerging markets and categorizes them as homogenous or heterogeneous. The results reveal the homogeneity in factors such as firm age, firm size, research and development intensity, top management team (TMT) size, environment instability, ownership, competitive intensity, risk aversion, and international experience, and the heterogeneity in factors such as innovation, firm performance, technological turbulence, new product development, slack resources, TMT social, and market orientation. Future research directions and managerial implications are discussed.

The aim of the study is to conduct a structured review of literature on the antecedents of organizational ambidexterity by reconciling the mixed outcomes produced by the extant literature. This study offers some theoretical insights into the divergent views of authors on these factors by analysing the empirical studies done in the literature. This paper systematically analyses the extant literature on the factors affecting organizations' ambidexterity, using meta-analysis and the theory, context, characteristics, and methodology (TCCM) framework. Forty-three research papers across various journals that discussed the correlation of the variables with organizational ambidexterity were selected. The sample size was 17,383, and 20 variables were selected for the analysis. The results revealed that two variables showed high levels of heterogeneity. The implications of this study are relevant to the present business scenario and of substantial interest to scholars, as they provide a more detailed understanding of the very foundation of organizational ambidexterity.