Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic ulceroinflammatory condition primarily confined with in colonic mucosa with variable distortion of the colonic architecture. It is associated with microbial overgrowth such as E.coli , S. typhi .However Chloroquine acts on these microbes. In our present study the anticolitic effects of Chloroquine in treatment with the DSS induced model for UC in mice were examined. Male mice of age 7 weeks are chosen .They are assigned into different groups .Negative control groups treated with normal saline solution ,positive control group treated with DSS5%, standard group treated with Balsalazide 4mg/kg & DSS 5% , Test(1) group treated with Chloroquine 6mg/kg, Test(2) group treated with Chloroquine 8mg/kg, Test(3) group treated with Chloroquine 10 mg/kg then we performed different parameters such as DAI, Oxidative damage assessment, MPO Assessment and Histopathological evaluation. The results have showed that Chloroquine has significant activity against DSS(5%) induced colitis when compared to the experimental control, with near normalization of colon architecture. Tissue oxidative stress was reduced with significant improvement in tissue levels of MDA, GSH, SOD and CAT .Furthermore,significant improvement in levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was observed. It is concluded that Chloroquine(10mg/kg) has got potent activity against DSS(5%) induced ulcerative colitis(UC) due to its anti inflammatory antioxidant properties.
Objective: Liposomes are the controlled-release dosage form that improves the therapeutic efficacy of the drugs, prolongs the duration of action, reduces dosage frequency, and improves patient compliance. Methods: The thin-film hydration method was used to prepare Paclitaxel liposomes. In this process, cholesterol and sodium deoxycholate were used for the formulation, while chloroform and methanol were used as diluents. Percentage (%) drug release study was carried out in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 in USP apparatus II (Paddle type)Model no VDA-8D, Veego, Mumbai, India. Results: Paclitaxel liposomes of various batches showed a percentage yield ranging from 38 to 84%. It was observed that (Encapsulation efficiency)EE% of Batches B1 to B10 were 0,62.33,59.51,50.21,44.30,82.25,88.95,72.34,77.37 and 70.63 percentage, respectively. Data fitting to the Peppas, Higuchi, 1st-order, and zero-order models was used to examine the optimized liposome (B7) release kinetic mechanism. Data comparison was done using the correlation coefficient (R2). Zero-order had an observed correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9988, which was greater than that for other models. Therefore, it was clear that the medication was released from the formulation after the zero-order release. Conclusion: The prepared liposomes were subjected to various evaluation parameters like SEM, zeta potential, particle size analysis, drug release study, etc. Data showed that an increased concentration of cholesterol increases the drug release from liposomes. Microscopic images of the B7 batch revealed that liposomes are spherical and have regular surfaces. Formulation B7 shows good results and can be considered an optimized batch that has been selected for further cell line studies. The statistical analysis was used to support the improved formulation.
As we know inflammatory bowel disease is an emergent plight in rural and developing countries. In USA 10 million of peoples are suffering from IBD.IBD encompasses two pivotal kinds of pathological condition Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Epidemiologically has a greater prevalence in the global prospective. So we decided to zero in on IBD in our work ahead. So a thorough search of available literature IBD is associated with plethora of comorbid disorders which includes gastrointestinal disorders arising from cholelithiasis, cutaneous disease like psoriasis, metabolic disorders like diabetes mellitus. Keywords: IBD: inflammatory bowel disease, CD: Crohn’s disease, UC: Ulcerative colitis,
Paclitaxel (PTX) obtained from the bark of Taxus brevifolia (Pacific yew tree) is a well-known potent drug used for treatment of breast, lung and ovarian cancer. PTX is stated to be a novel antimicrotubule agent. PTX acts by assembling the microtubule from tubulin dimmers and stabilizing of microtubules by prevention of polymerization. Thus it affects the cell division of the cancer cells by interrupting the spindle formation. PTX on application in cancer treatment it shows to have low aqueous solubility use of vehicles like Cremophore EL and ethanol, which on application shows hypersensitivity reaction. So to reduce the toxicity due to these vehicles three main dosage forms are seen to be developed for application of PTX in chemotherapy by researchers throughout the world. Namely; Nano-Particle Approaches, Liposomal approach, Solid Dispersion approach. Nanoparticles are utilized for purposes like decreasing toxicity and minimizing adverse effects of drug molecules and enhancing drug release. Liposomes are capable of containing more amount of PTX and are capable of long term stability, toxicity reduction when compared to other dosage form. Solid dispersions are more effective compared to other methods of particle size reduction to improve the drug solubility. So it can be stated that developing dosage forms like these for reduction of toxicity and efficacious application of PTX in chemotherapy is important.
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