Debeli Namet is one of Europe's southernmost glaciers (July 28, 2007). Debeli namet je eden od najju`nej{ih evropskih ledenikov (28. julija 2007). PREDRAG DJUROVI]Predrag Djurovi}, The Debeli Namet glacier from the second half of the 20th century to the present ABSTRACT: The Debeli Namet glacier is one of two recent glaciers located in the south western Balkans, located on Durmitor Mountain in the south eastern Dinarides mountain range in Montenegro and is considered to be a small glacier. The size of the glacier from 1954 to 1981 was estimated based on aerial photographs. According to glaciological research, geomorphologic studies of the nearby relief and analyses of climate change (temperature and precipitation) within the last 50 years, new data on the glacier have been obtained. The Debeli Namet glacier is reducing at a rate slower than that of other southern European glaciers. The Debeli Namet glacier did not significantly fluctuate in size (surface and thickness) in response to temperature increases that occurred at the end of the 20 st and at the beginning of the 21 st centuries. Here, we present partially revised data accompanied by recent results related to the glacier's recent behaviour, its surroundings and its associated climate.
Bobotov Kuk (2522 m a. s. l.) is the highest peak of the Durmitor.Bobotov Kuk (2522 m n. v.) je najvi{ji vrh Durmitorja. PREDRAG DJUROVI]Predrag Djurovi}, Reconstruction of the pleistocene glaciers of Mt. ABSTRACT: Mount Durmitor is situated in the southeastern part of the Dinaric mountain system in Montenegro. Throughout the Pleistocene there were many glaciers there, which descended to adjacent karst plateau. Types of glaciers, their number and direction of moving were mostly affected by geological structure (carbonate basis) and pre-glacial relief (karst and fluvial relief). During two phases of intensive glaciation, the surface that had been seized by glacial changes also changed. Over 54% of the surface of Durmitor was exposed to the glacial process of the stronger phase and about 36% of the weaker phase. Cirque type of glaciation dominated the third phase.
Montenegro occupies relatively small, southeastern part of the Dinaric mountains. Geological composition, which is predominantly carbonate, enabled formation of a great number of deep canyons and gorges. Canyons of Montenegro were formed in several ways, during multiple phases. Regardless of polygenetic and polymorphic character of the canyons, they can be classified into three main groups. By incision of melt-water rivers of Pleistocene glaciers, deep and particularly narrow canyons of small width were formed. The rivers that presently flow through these canyons have a nival regime -during the summer, their discharge is minimal, or they completely dry out. Depths of these canyons are up to 500 m. Rivers that directly feed into the Adriatic sea are of torrential character. They have pluvial regime, and dry out during the summer. Their canyons are short, several hundreds of metres deep. Deepest and longest canyons have been formed by incision of rivers that have changed their regimes during a longer period of time. Melt-water of Pleistocene glaciers has incised the greatest parts of canyons at the beginning of Holocene. Presently, river courses have nival-pluvial regime. In this group, single-phase and multiple-phase canyons can be distinguished (alteration of erosional and accumulation processes). Depths of these canyons exceed 1000 m.
Principles and methodology of establishing the inventory of geoheritage sites Geotectonic base and exogenous processes brought to distinctive complex of natural, abiotic elements within the particular area. These elements construct the overall diversity known as geodiversity. Geodiversity objects should be recognized and study during the special scientific studies among different geodisciplines. Extensive studies enlarge our knowledge related to geodiversity of distinct area. However, more apparent insight into the geodiversity wealth requires the distinguishing of representative objects, i.e. geoheritage sites as representatives of geodiversity (Djurović P., Mijović D, 2006). These include geological, geomorphological, hydrological-hydrogeological, pedological and distinct, geo-archeological values emphasized with their notable scientific and cultural significance, making a part of distinct European and world heritage. From that reason they require to be concerned of all relevant social factors in their protection as well as in their presentation to domestic and foreign scientific and professional publicity (Pantić N., Belij S., Mijović D., 1998). Geoheritage sites differ a lot concerning their forms and essential values. These differences could cause some problems during their inventory, protection as well as during their presentation. Concerning their forms should be distinguished dotted, aerial and linear forms, whereas concerning size exist sites in meter scale, decameter and kilometer scale. Dotted geoheritage sites of meter and decameter size might be incorporated into linear or aerial objects of kilometer size. This actually means that geoheritage sites could be simple or complex. For example, the canyon of the Tara River was determined as linear geoheritage object in kilometer scale. It represents complex site, as embraces several pointless sites in decameter scale e.g. springs Ljutica, Bijelo vrelo, Bajlovića sige, Djavolje lazi etc. (Djurović P., Djurović M., 2010). Distinguishing of geoheritage sites among the geodiversity objects is possible concerning few criteria: scientific values, rarity, original, representative, aesthetic etc. The group of representative objects-geoheritage sites determined within the geodiversity objects, need to be categorized, i.e. its importance related to similar objects need to be evaluated. Categorization is usually among the sites of local, national, regional, European and world importance (Dangić A., 1998). Their identification and classification should be followed with their protection and conservation. Different protection measures based on different law acts de
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