The main problem of road construction on saturated soft soils is due to their low bearing capacity and large settlement. One of the solutions to such problems is to install piled box culverts-geofoam. In this study, the pile box culvert-geofoam was modelled as raft foundation. This experimental study was conducted by making a prototype raft file foundation gradually loaded with a maximum vertical load of 20 kN. Different thicknesses of geofoam were utilized in order to observe the influence of thickness on the settlement. Furthermore, difference in settlement is also found when the culvert was constructed with and without geofoam. Thicker geofoam was observed to result in smaller settlement.
One of the problems that arise in building land transport infrastructure located on soft soil is the making of the road construction. The completion of the road construction issue is carried out by the engineering that the road is safe and stable. The main long-term goal of this research is to provide a method of handling embankment construction that is above soft soil, complementing the existing methods, by using the main bamboo material. This study discussed the influence of bamboo pile clusters on a bamboo matrass construction system to support the embankment load on soft soil. The method of this research is to make a bamboo cluster containing 3 bamboo sticks, 4 bamboo sticks, and 7 bamboo sticks. The cluster is inserted into the soft soil. Bamboo pile clusters are gradually loaded until the soil collapses. Data that is investigated in the area of the cluster and the force given to suppress the cluster. The results of the study show the relationship of bamboo pile clusters with Pult. The value of the P
ult
depends on the area of the cluster with the formula: P
ult
= 840 L
n
(X) - 3044 with X = is the cluster area.
Floating houses can be utilized in coastal areas as they are equipped with platforms made from expanded polystyrene system (styrofoam) and lightweight concrete covers. A lightweight concrete cover on a floating house platform made from styrofoam can improve the feasibility of housing in terms of strength, comfort and cleanliness. This research aims to obtain mixture that meet the weight and compressive strength requirements of lightweight concrete and produce them as covers on floating houses platform. The compositions of lightweight concrete materials in this research use volume ratios of 1 Pc: 2 Sand: 3 Styrofoam, 1 Pc: 1.5 Sand: 2.5 Styrofoam and 1 Pc: 1.25 Sand: 2.75 Styrofoam. The research results show that the concrete made with styrofoam qualifies as lightweight concrete with average volume weight of concrete produced between 1000-1300 kg/m3. The lightest concrete weight (1097.88 kg/m3) could be obtained from variations of mixture of 1 Pc: 1.25 Sand: 2.75 Styrofoam, The highest concrete compressive strength results were obtained from the mixture of 1 Pc: 2 Sand: 3 Styrofoam (119.26 kg/cm2). The variations of concrete mixture of 1 Pc: 2 Sand: 3 Styrofoam can be considered as lightweight concrete (≤ 1900 kg/m3).
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