Background: Dysglycaemia (hyper-or hypoglycaemia) in critically ill children has been associated with poor outcome. Objective: comparison of clinical outcomes in children admitted to Emergency unit of MGM Hospital, Warrangal for acute medical conditions and presenting with euglycaemia or dysglycaemia. Methods: Five hundred and twenty five subjects aged between 4 months and 12 years were screened out of whom 330 (205 with euglycaemia and 125 with dysglycaemia) were enrolled. Results: In the dysglycaemia group, 28 (13%) subjects had hypoglycemia and 97 (87%) had hyperglycemia. Overall, there were 101 complications in 125 subjects. The number of subjects with complications was significantly higher in dysglycaemia group (46%) compared to euglycaemia group (8%). Fifty subjects died out of whom 30 had dysglycaemia. Subjects with dysglycaemia were 3 times (95% CI: 1.5-6.0) more likely to die and 4.8 times (95% CI: 3.1-7.5) more likely to develop complications. Conclusion: Dysglycaemia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in children with acute medical conditions.
Background: Cerebral malaria (CM) is a potentially fatal condition encountered in all age groups and if not treated timely can cause mortality. Objective: to evaluate the clinical features of cerebral malaria in children at a tertiary care Hospital of Telangana. Methods: This was a prospective study carried out from January 2013 to December 2014 at a tertiary care hospital of Telangana. Clinical profile, treatment and outcome of all the children diagnosed with CM aged between 5 months to 12 years were assessed. Results: There were a total of 65 patients with CM of which 40 (74.7%) of them were girls and 20 were boys (25%). P. falciparum was the main infecting species in both uncomplicated malaria and severe malaria cases. The clinical features noted were seizure (39.62%), anemia (84.9%), icterus (16.98%), hypotension (13.2%), bleeding (3.7%), hepatomegaly (5.66%), splenomegaly (5.66%), pulmonary edema (16.98%) and renal dysfunction (37.36%). Treatment received included artesunin compounds or quinine. Complete recovery was achieved in 53 (81%) of them. Three (6.1%) of them died. Conclusion: CM considered being a fatal disease has shown remarkable improvement in the outcome with the wide availability of artesunin and quinine components. The key to management is early diagnosis and initiation of treatment based on a high index of suspicion.
Background: The impact of endocarditis in childhood accompanies many cardio-vascular disorders. Infective endocarditis (IE) is the most frequently occurring form of endocardium inflammation. Prevailing among the agents are Str. Viridans, Str. Haemoliticus, Staph. Aureus, Staph Epidermidis, Enterococcus, etc. Objective: This study will explore the outcome of children diagnosed with infective endocarditis for a better guidance in management. Methods: This was a prospective study from warrangal from January 2013 to December 2015. 50 patients with definite IE based on modified Duke's criteria were recruited into the study. Clinical presentation, risk factors, echocardiography and outcome were obtained. Results: A total of 50 IE patients were included within the study. The mean age was 6 ± 5.45. Most patients (80.39%) were diagnosed within the first week of admission. Staphylococcus aureas was the most common pathogen (38%) and the mitral valve was predominantly affected (68%). Complication were common and in hospital mortality remains high (27.3%). Conclusions: Mortality remains relatively high in children with infective endocarditis. The most common complication is cardiac deficiency (70%), and pleuropericardial effusions and lung embolism
Sleep is a serious health ailment that affects millions of people. It is one of the most significant human behaviour occupying roughly one third of human life. Sleep occupies a greater portion of our life and is considered as one among the three Upastambhas of existence. Charaka has explained the management of Nidranasha (Insomnia) with both external and internal treatments. Presently people are not getting sufficient hours of sleep because of busy life schedules and overload, as a result of which, work hours have replaced time of sleep. Recent studies have shown that anxiety and stressful environment has created an imbalance in the physiological activity of the body leading to disturbed sleep and other anomalies. A Randomized comparative clinical study of 40 patients suffering with classical signs and symptoms of Anidra (Insomnia) of either sex divided into two groups viz. Group A - (Study group) - Treated with Pippali Moola (Root of Piper Longum) with Guda (Jaggery), Group B - (Placebo Group) - Acacia resin with a study duration of 14 days, including follow-ups. The data during the study was recorded and analyzed statically.
INTRODUCTION Clean urine samples are necessary to accurately diagnose several diseases in new-borns, especially Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). A wide range of clinical interventions for urine collection is described in the literature including non-invasive and invasive methods. The most common non-invasive technique is urine collection using sterile bags, which is associated with significant patient discomfort and contamination of samples. Obtaining a clean-catch urine sample is the recommended method for urine collection in children able to cooperate. However, in children lacking sphincter control, urine catch is more difficult and timeconsuming and invasive methods (catheterization and needle aspiration of urine from the bladder) are sometimes needed. There are some stimulation techniques that facilitate emptying of the bladder in situations of bladder dysfunction. We hypothesized that the use of such methods in new-borns could facilitate the collection of a clean-catch urine sample. The aim of this study was to determine the success rate and safety of a new non-invasive technique to obtain clean-catch urine samples in newborns. AIM To describe and test a new technique to obtain midstream urine samples in newborns. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective, feasible and safety study conducted in Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Warangal, (A secondary centre with a 20-bed neonatal unit, a 130-beded pediatric ward). This study was carried out over 7 months (January-July 2015). Patients consisted of 100 consecutively admitted infants aged less than 30 days who needed a urine analysis according to their attending physician. RESULTS This technique was successful in 72% of newborns. Mean time to sample collection was 56.99 Sec. No complications other than controlled crying were observed. CONCLUSION A new, quick and safe technique with a high success rate is described, whereby the discomfort and waste of time usually associated with bag collection methods can be avoided.
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