Background: Recent metallurgical research and advancement in material science has benefited orthodontists in the selection of an appropriate wire size and alloy type, which is necessary to provide an optimum and predictable treatment results. The purpose of the study was to clinically evaluate and compare the surface characteristics of 16 × 22 stainless steel, Titanium molybdenum alloy, timolium, and titanium-niobium before and after placing them in a patient's mouth for 3 months using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and methods:The total sample size was 40, which were divided into four groups (group 1 -stainless steel wires, 10 samples, group 2 -TMA wires, 10 samples, group 3 -timolium wires, 10 samples, and group 4 -titanium-niobium wires, 10 samples), and these were further subdivided into 5 each. The first subgroup of five samples was placed in the patient's mouth and was evaluated under SEM, and another subgroup of five samples was directly subjected to the SEM. black hazy patches, which may be interoperated as areas of stress. TMA unused wires showed multiple small voids of areas and small craters with fewer elevated regions. The TMA wire samples placed in the patient's mouth showed black hazy patches and prominent ridges, making the wire rougher. Timolium unused archwires showed heavy roughness and voids, whereas wires tested in the patient's mouth showed homogeneous distribution of deep cracks and craters. Unused titanium-niobium archwires showed uniform prominent striations and ridges with occasional voids, whereas wires used in the patient's mouth showed prominent huge voids that could be interpreted as maximum stress areas. Results Conclusion:Stainless steel (group 1) used and unused wires showed smooth surface characteristics when compared with all the other three groups followed by timolium, which was superior to titanium-niobium wires and TMA wires.Clinical significance: Timolium wires are superior to titaniumniobium wires and TMA wires.
Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors pose a difficult esthetic and treatment planning problem for clinicians. Age, location, space limitations, alveolar ridge deficiencies, uneven gingival margins, occlusion and periodontal factors often necessitate an interdisciplinary approach. Over the last several decades, dentistry has focused various treatment modalities for replacement of missing teeth. Treatment plans for patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors have traditionally included either space closure or space reopening. To remove healthy tooth structure of adjacent teeth to replace a tooth, for some patients and dentists, is a very aggressive treatment option which eliminates the option of three unit bridges. Removable partial dentures are also not preferred for its bulkiness and reduced esthetics. Presently, the single implant supported crown is a predictable method of tooth replacement in adolescents. The aim of this case report is to provide a conservative method for the management of bilateral missing lateral incisor.
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