Background: Transmission of infectious diseases such as HIV, hepatitis, syphilis, and others through donated blood needs a serious monitoring to provide safe blood for transfusion, which forms an integral part of medical and surgical therapy. Objective: To access the seroprevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) in Malwa region and assess the level of blood safety. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted for the duration of 12 months. The known seropositive donors for any of these infections (HIV, HBV, HCV, syphilis, and malaria) and hemoglobin less than 12.5 g% were excluded. All donor samples were screened for HIV, HBsAg, and anti-HCV by ELISA methods; syphilis and malaria screening was done by card test. Result: Among the total 4,007 donors, 92% were replacement donors while 8% were voluntary donors. Female donors comprised only 1.62%; the remaining 98.38% were male donors. The donor population was mostly in the young age group of 18-30 years (69.1%). Totally, 2.05% (n = 83) blood bags were seropositive for TTI. HBV was the most common TTI (1.77% bags); HIV was the second most common TTI (0.14% bags); HCV was detected in 0.099% bags, whereas syphilis was the least common TTI (0.04% bags). Conclusion: Two to 3% of healthy donors are seropositive for TTI and reveal potential of transmitting them through transfusion. Thus, strict and proper donor selection criteria and screening with higher-generation ELISA kits can help to identify and avoid transfusion of infectious blood products.

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BACKGROUNDAbdominal tuberculosis represents the sixth most frequent form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis after lymphatic, genitourinary, bone and joint, miliary and meningeal tuberculosis. It can affect gastrointestinal, lymphatic and pancreatobiliary system.

ABSTRACT:The mucocele of the Appendix is an uncommon cystic lesion characterised by distension of the appendiceal lumen with mucus. The incidence ranges from 0.3% to 0.7% of all appendectomied specimens. OBJECTIVE: We report here the demographic, clinical, radiologic, histopathologic, preoperative and postoperative findings and outcome of patients of mucocele of the appendix diagnosed on histopathologic examination. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed the hospital records of all the patients whose appendectomy was done and had a histopathological diagnosis of mucocele of the appendix. RESULTS: A total of 885 patients with the preoperative diagnosis of appendicitis were admitted and surgically treated in our centre from April'2004 to September'2012 and 13 (1.47%) patients were diagnosed to have mucocele of the appendix on histopathologic examination. Average age of presentation was 53yrs (range 17yrs -85yrs). 6(46.15%) patients were male and 7 (53.85%) were female with M: F ratio 0.86:1. The most common presentation was right lower quadrant pain in 7 (53.85%) patients. 2(15.38) patients presented with generalised abdominal pain, distension of abdomen and loss of appetite while 4(30.77%) patients were asymptomatic. In preoperative ultrasonographic examination, appendiceal cystic masses were diagnosed in 7 (53.85%) patients. Histopathologic examination revealed simple mucocele in 7 (53.85%) patients, mucinous cystadenoma in 5 (38.46%) and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in 1(7.69%) patient. Two patients of mucinous cystadenoma were diagnosed with complication of pseudomyxoma peritonei. No mortality was noted in any of the patient postoperatively and on follow up. CONCLUSION: Mucocele of the appendix is a rare disease and is usually diagnosed on histopathologic examination of Appendectomied specimens. As there is potential for malignant transformation and pseudomyxoma peritonei due to rupture of the mucocele, extensive preoperative evaluation and thorough intraoperative gastrointestinal, ovarian & peritoneal examination is required.