A Connectivity-constrained based path planning for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is proposed within the coverage area of a 5G NR Base Station (BS) that uses mmWave technology. We consider an uplink communication between UAV and BS under multipath channel conditions for this problem. The objective is to guide a UAV, starting from a random location and reaching its destination within the BS coverage area, by learning a trajectory alongside achieving better connectivity. We propose simultaneous learning-based path planning of UAV and beam tracking at the BS side under urban macro-cellular (UMa) pathloss conditions, to reduce its sweeping time with apriori computational overhead using the deep reinforcement learning method such as Deep Q-Network (DQN). Our results show that our proposed learning-based joint path planning and beam tracking method is on par with the learning-based shortest path planning, besides beam tracking comparable to heuristic exhaustive beam searching method.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are the emerging vital components of millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless systems. Accurate beam alignment is essential for efficient beam based mmWave communications of UAVs with base stations (BSs). Conventional beam sweeping approaches often have large overhead due to the high mobility and autonomous operation of UAVs. Learning-based approaches greatly reduce the overhead by leveraging UAV data, like position to identify optimal beam directions. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL)-based framework for UAV-BS beam alignment using deep Q-Network (DQN) in a mmWave setting. We consider uplink communications where the UAV hovers around 5G new radio (NR) BS coverage area, with varying channel conditions. The proposed learning framework uses the location information to maximize data rate through the optimal beam-pairs efficiently, upon every communication request from UAV inside the multilocation environment. We compare our proposed framework against Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) learning-based approach and the traditional exhaustive approach, respectively and also analyse the training performance of DQN-based beam alignment over different coverage area requirements and channel conditions. Our results show that the proposed DQN-based beam alignment converge faster and generic for different environmental conditions. The framework can also learn optimal beam alignment comparable to the exhaustive approach in an online manner under real-time conditions.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are the emerging vital components of millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless systems. Accurate beam alignment is essential for efficient beam based mmWave communications of UAVs with base stations (BSs). Conventional beam sweeping approaches often have large overhead due to the high mobility and autonomous operation of UAVs. Learning-based approaches greatly reduce the overhead by leveraging UAV data, like position to identify optimal beam directions. In this paper, we propose a deep Q-Network(DQN)based framework for uplink UAV-BS beam alignment where the UAV hovers around 5G new radio (NR) BS coverage area, with varying channel conditions. The proposed learning framework uses the location information and maximize the beamforming gain upon every communication request from UAV inside the multi-location environment.We compare the proposed framework against multi-armed bandit (MAB)-based and exhaustive approaches, respectively and then analyse its training performance over different coverage area requirements, antenna configurations and channel conditions. Our results show that the proposed framework converge faster than the MAB-based approach and comparable to traditional exhaustive approach in an online manner under real-time conditions. Moreover, this approach can be further enhanced to predict the optimal beams for unvisited UAV locations inside the coverage using correlation from neighbouring grid locations.
We study the performance of a prototype of a millimeter-wave transceiver with radio frequency (RF) beamforming capabilities. More specifically, the focus is on the architecture and software implementation of a smart-RF that allows self-beam-alignment. Simulation studies shows the expected performance in terms of probability of misalignment and coverage using different beam search strategies as well as realistic antenna beam patterns and phase-shifters quantization constraints.
The vast majority of designs on peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction and PA linearization schemes in broadcasting systems can be found in literature dealing with both of them in a separate manner on problem formulation, optimization objectives, and implementation issues without considering their mutual influence. Their overall performance might be suboptimal even if each of them has been optimized independently due to possible conflicts as both techniques are interdependent. This paper proposes an adding signal method that jointly achieves PAPR reduction and PA linearization simultaneously, and no extra processing is required at the receiver. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme offers a good performance/complexity trade-off requiring fewer iterations than recent methods.
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