No abstract

No abstract

The study of optical and thermally stimulated electrical properties such as optical band gap, refractive index, X-ray spectra, SEM spectra, thermally stimulated discharge current (TSDC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) have been undertaken in ZnO nanoparicle filled polystyrene nanocomposite thin film of 30 lm thickness. The appearance of single TSDC peak at temperature 408 6 5 K in nanocomposite samples shows the charge carriers injected from deeper trapping levels. It is due to the modification of surface and bulk properties of polystyrene by filling of ZnO nanoparticles. In other hand, the strong interaction of nanoparticles with polymer matrix is the expected reason of improvement of crystallite size, optical energy band gap, refractive index, TSDC, glass transition temperature, and charge storage. It is confirmed from SEM images that the modifications of these properties are caused by creation of clusters in amorphous-crystalline boundaries of pristine polystyrene.

High demand and current applications have led to continuous study and subsequent improvement of TiO 2 nanoparticles. The versatility of the sol-gel method allows employing different process parameters to influence the resultant properties of TiO 2 nanoparticles. The evaluation and characterisation process of the synthesised TiO 2 nanoparticles commonly involves a series of methods and techniques. Such characterisation methods include phase, structural, morphology and size analysis. A combination of data from these evaluations provides the relationship between the synthesis parameters and the end properties of TiO 2 nanoparticles. Apart from the research findings on TiO 2 nanoparticles, the characterisation used to obtain these findings is equally important. Thus, this chapter highlights the recent characterisation techniques and practices employed for TiO 2 nanoparticles synthesised by the sol-gel method.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract