Objective-To estimate the training load of specific on court training regimens based on the magnitude of variation of heart rate-lactate response during specific training and to determine the magnitude of variation of biochemical parameters (urea, uric acid, and creatine phosphokinase (CPK)) 12 hours after the specific training programme so as to assess training stress. Methods-The study was conducted on six national male badminton players. Maximum oxygen consumption (Vo, ), ventilation (VE), heart rate, and respiratory quotient were measured by a protocol of graded treadmill exercise. Twelve training sessions and 35 singles matches were analysed. Heart rate and blood lactate were monitored during technical training routines and match play. Fasting blood samples collected on two occasions-that is, during off season and 12 hours after specific training-were analysed for serum urea, uric acid, and CPK.Results-Analysis of the on court training regimens showed lactate values of 8-10.5 mmol/l in different phases. The percentage of maximum heart rate ranged from 82% to 100%. Urea, uric acid, and CPK activity showed significant changes from (mean (SD) (BrJ7 Sports Med 1997;31:342-345)
Background:To determine the 2D:4D ratio in elite Indian male kabaddi players and compare them with non-athletes.Objectives:Our study was undertaken to find out a possible relation between digit ratio and sporting ability of male kabaddi players. This study also gives an insight into the possible ethnic differences between Indian sports personnel and other populations.Patients and Methods:Both right and left hands of 33 male kabaddi players attending training camp at the Bangalore regional centre of Sports Authority of India were scanned. Lengths of second and fourth digits were measured and their ratio calculated. Age, weight, height and body mass index matched subjects (25 males) who did not participate in any sports formed the control group.Results:A highly significant difference was found in 2D:4D ratios of both the hands with Kabaddi players having a lower ratio compared to their controls. There was no statistically significant difference in 2D:4D (Δ r-l) between Kabaddi players and controls.Conclusions:Kabaddi is an intermediate sport not requiring a high level of endurance but at the same time requires masculine traits because of combating nature of the game. 2D:4D ratios can be used as reliable additional criteria when screening for prospective players to be inducted into the team.
Objective-To determine the physical and physiological profile of kabaddi players and the physiological demands of playing a kabaddi match. (BrJ Sports Med 1996;30:232-235)
Background: Digit ratio (2D:4D) is considered as a marker of prenatal androgen exposure. There are evidences showing association between sporting ability and 2D:4D ratio. Aims & Objective: To determine the ratio of second to fourth digit in elite Indian volley ball players and compare them with controls. Materials and Methods: Both right and left hands of 16 male volley ball players attending training camp at the Bangalore regional centre of Sports Authority of India were scanned. Lengths of second and fourth digits were measured and their ratio calculated. The values were compared with Age & BMI matched subjects (25 males) who did not participate in any sports who formed the control group. Results: A highly significant difference was found in 2D:4D ratios of both the hands with volley ball players having a lower ratio compared to their controls. There was no statistically significant difference in 2D:4D (Δ r-l) between volley ball players and controls. Conclusion: Lower second to fourth digit ratios was found in volley ball players in comparison with the controls.
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