Background: The liver and kidney play a central role in metabolic and detoxification processes leads to structural degeneration of organs with aging, which may hamper the functional ability of these organs. Acharya charaka suggests to use drugs of vayasthapana mahakashaya in different combinations to prevent ageing. Guduchi (Tinospora cardifolia) and punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa) are two drugs chosen to evaluate the solitary and combined effect on structural and functional changes in liver and kidney of Wistar rat. Materials and Methods: After identification and phytochemical study of test drugs, the 32 healthy, male rats of 18 months will be divided into four different groups, with eight rats in each group. 1st to 4th group will receive distilled water, guduchi kwath, punarnava kwath, guduchi and punarnava kwath respectively for 30 consecutive days at the rate of 8.1ml/kg dose, orally. Before administration of control drug and test drug blood sample assessment will be done for LFT, KFT, and SOD level. The same investigation will be repeated after one month trial period. Then after 60 days,120 days and 180 days, two animals from each group will be sacrificed, organs such as liver and kidney will be extracted and preserved for histopathological study, and blood samples will be collected for investigation. The remaining animals will be returned to the animal house for their reuse. Expected Results: Guduchi and punarnava may provide strength to liver and kidney and thus helpful in delaying degenerative changes of organs.
In present scenario, Yoga is becoming most popular science due to its positive effect on health. To achieve preventive, curative and rehabilitative aspects of health, Yoga draws the attention of large group of people. Prana (energy) and Ayam (to expand or control) form the word Pranayam. Pranayam is a technique to control or expand the energy in body. Practice of Pranayam has been known to modulate cardiac autonomic status with an improvement in cardio-respiratory functions. Keeping this in view, the present study designed to determine whether Anulom-Vilom Pranayam followed by Shawasan has immediate effect on pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Thirty normal healthy subjects aged between 17-20 years, volunteered for this study. All the selected physiological parameters were measured before and after performing 'Anulom -Vilom Pranayama' followed by Shawasan for four weeks. Experimental group showed a significant decline in Systolic Blood Pressure (p<0.021). On other hand there was no significant change in Diastolic Blood Pressure and pulse rate, though it showed slight decrease. Our study indicates that, short-term training of 'Anulom-Vilom Pranayam 'shows significant decrease in Systolic Blood Pressure. Control of breathing process to make it deep and prolong by doing alternate nostril breathing with slow and rhythmic manner brings about balance in autonomous nervous system. In addition, practice of AnulomVilom pranayama for short-term duration could get better parasympathetic control over the heart.
Background: Breast lump is considered as carcinogenic unless it is tested and diagnosed other than this. Today in India, it is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women. Only early detection and early medical intervention could decrease its mortality rate. Knowledge and awareness of palpation of breast lumps and attitude to get diagnosed at earliest is very important. Aim and Objectives: The study is designed to assess knowledge, awareness and attitude towards screening of Breast lumps among females. Materials and Methods: It is a questionnaire based an observational study. Those females above age of 14 years; attending Hospital were selected for the study with their consent. Data was collected by using self-structured and validated questionnaire. Total 100 females’ data was collected and analysed. Observation and Result: Of the total sample, approximately 89% of subjects were found to have heard of Breast Cancer and 41% had knowledge that Breast lump may be a sign of Breast Cancer. 22% females have heard about Breast self-examination (BSE) as an early diagnostic tool. Only 8 %& 14 % knew about importance of Clinical Breast examination (CBE)& mammography respectively. Awareness towards screening was found to be very low. Conclusion: The results revealed that, although knowledge about Breast lump is adequate up to certain limit but they do not have a comprehensive understanding of the condition. Thus, there is an urgent need to promote knowledge, awareness and health literacy among the society.
Assessment is an integral part of the teaching learning process. It helps us to know the success of specific teaching & students' progress. Formative assessment is the informal way of knowing students progress. To evaluate the effect of Formative Assessment of the students on their Academic performance this project was undertaken. The randomly selected group of 40 students was taught the topic Rasa & Rakta Dhatu at same time by using different types of teaching methods as didactic & demonstration. Then they randomly divided into two groups. Group A (N =20) was Control Group. No any intervention given to the students. Group B (N =20) was Experimental Group. This group was given the interventions by conducting quiz and group discussion on the topic of Rasa & Rakta Dhatu. Pretest and posttest based on MCQs to test recall memory & SAQs test to check analyzing power were developed on the topic of Rasa & Rakta Dhatu for both groups.The tests were then collected, scored and compiled. The students of Group B showed statistically significant improvement in recall memory which was tested by MCQs test (p=0.0001) & to test descriptive & analyzing power SAQs test was framed. Analysis showed enhancement in marks in SAQs but the result was not statistically significant. It was concluded that students assessed by formative assessment significantly score high than students who were not assessed. Formative assessment shows good effect on academic performance of the students & helps in enhancement of learning.
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