Pre-operative therapy with ACEI is associated with an increased risk of mortality, use of inotropic support, PRD, and new onset of post-operative AF.

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Malperfusion at presentation rather than timing of intervention is the major risk factor of death both in the hospital and at long-term follow-up in patients undergoing surgery for type A aortic dissection.

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An HbA1c level of 6.5% or higher in patients presenting for coronary artery bypass grafting was associated with a significant increase in the incidence of deep sternal wound infection and respiratory complications.