The prolapsed intervertebral disc (PIVD) at the lumbar spine is one of the most common causes of low back pain (LBP) affecting humans worldwide. Lumbar traction is widely used as a part of physiotherapeutic modalities for its treatment; however, reports on its effectiveness and dosage are conflicting. This study is aimed at comparing the acute effects of three traction forces on the straight leg raise (SLR) test and LBP intensity. A total of 45 (age 35.53 yrs., ±3.09) participants with 15 participants in each group were recruited for the study. Participants were divided into groups A, B, and C wherein traction forces equal to one-fifth, one-third, and one-half of their bodyweight were applied, respectively. SLR range of motion (ROM) and pain were examined before and immediately after the application of traction. Significant improvement was observed in SLR ROM in all three groups (
p
<
0.05
). However, for pain, significant improvement (
p
<
0.05
) was observed only in the group with one-half of bodyweight force. There was no significant difference (
p
>
0.05
) between the three groups for both variables. All three forces were equally effective in immediately improving SLR ROM in patients suffering from lumbar PIVD; however, pain improvement was observed with one-half of bodyweight only.
Introduction: Pain is a common sequel of surgery and massage has been advocated as effective and easy technique that can be applied independently by nurses to patients in postoperative period to relive pain intensity. It involves a simple technique, costs little and requires no special equipment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of foot and hand massage reducing pain in postoperative patients. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of foot and hand massage in reducing post operative pain. Methods: An experimental design with Simple random sampling was adopted to conduct the study with 30 samples were selected as control group and 30 samples in experimental group. Foot and Hand massage was given for 20 minutes in the experimental group, control group has a regular treatment and pain score was assessed by numerical rating scale before and after intervention. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Experimental group the pre test mean is 29.47 and SD 5.56, the post test mean is 17.92 and SD 3.39. The t test revealed that foot and hand massage was found to be effective in reducing pain among post operative patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the level of * P<0.05. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed that the foot and hand massage is reducing post operative pain among patient undergoing abdominal surgery. However, we need further studies with larger samples to investigate the effect of foot and hand massage in reducing pain.
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