Post‐synthetic modification (PSM) of metal–organic framework (MOF) compounds is a useful technique for preparing new MOFs that can exhibit or enhance many of the properties of the parent MOFs. PSM can be carried out by a number of approaches such as modifying the linker (ligand) and/or metal node, and adsorption/exchange of guest species. The surface environment of the MOF can be modified to increase structural stability as well as introducing desired properties. There is considerable scope in widening the applications of the MOF with compatible metal or ligand employing the PSM. This review focuses on the recent developments of modified materials through PSM, which augers well for the chemical modification and functionalization of MOFs. In this review, different types of PSM methods are presented in an orderly manner, and the diverse applications of resultant frameworks are described and discussed.

A 5-fold-interpenetrated zinc-based coordination polymer can discriminately detect aliphatic amines through a fluorescence "turn-on" method. This compound can sense aliphatic amines in the solid state, solution state, and vapor phase. Theoretical calculations revealed that the ground-state dipole moment of the corresponding amines guides the order of enhancement.

Lack of control over the structure and electrically nonconductive properties of coordination polymers (CPs) creates a major hindrance to designing an active electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, we report a new semiconductive and low-optical band gap CP structure [{Co 3 (μ 3 -OH)(BTB) 2 (BPE) 2 }{Co 0.5 N(C 5 H 5 )}], 1 , that exhibits high-performance ORR in alkaline medium. The electrical conductivity of compound 1 was measured using impedance spectroscopy and found to be 5 × 10 –4 S cm –1 . The Ketjenblack EC-600JD carbon used as a support for all the electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry, rotating disk electrode, rotating ring-disk electrode and Koutecký–Levich analysis. The as-synthesized Co-based catalyst has the ability to reduce O 2 to H 2 O by a nearly four-electron process. The crystal structure of 1 shows that the trimeric unit {Co 3 (μ 3 -OH)(COO) 5 N 3 } and monomeric unit {Co(COO) 2 (NC 5 H 4 ) 2 } 2+ are linked with BTB and BPE linkers to form a three-dimensional structure. Theoretical calculations predict that the monomeric center acts as an active catalytic site for ORR. This could be due to the efficient overlap of highest occupied molecular orbital–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital between monomer and O 2 molecule. This CP, 1 , shows facile 3.6-electron ORR, and it is inexpensive compared with widely used Pt catalysts. Therefore, this CP can be used as a promising cathode material for fuel cells in terms of efficiency and cost effectiveness.

Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction Analysis: Table S1: Single Crystal Data and Refinement Results for Ni-BTB-BPE.* Parameters Compound 1 Chemical formula Ni 1.5 C 57 N 6 O 10.5 H 41 Formula weight 1066.02 Crystal system Monoclinic Space Group P2 1 /n a(Å) 8.6003 (2) b(Å) 18.6486 (5) c(Å) 34.7689 (9) α(⁰) 90 β(⁰) 96.7110 (10) γ(⁰) 90 Volume (Å 3) 5538.2 Z 4 Temperature (K) 150 Calculated density (g/cm 3) 1.279 θ range (⁰) 2.359 to 28.324 Absorption coefficient (mm-1) 0.577 Reflections collected 51299 Unique reflections 13628 Goodness-of-fit 0.994 Number of parameters 689 Final R indices [I > 2sigma(I)] R 1 = 0.0695, wR 2 = 0.1872 [a] R1 = F 0 -F c / F 0 ; wR 2 = {[w(F 0 2-F c 2) 2 ]/ [w(F 0 2) 2 ]} 1/2 ; w = 1/[σ 2 (F 0) 2 + (aP) 2 + bP];P = [max(F 0 2 ,0) + 2(F c) 2 ]/3; a = 0.1293 , b = 0.0000 *Recently the structure of this compound was reported by us (CCDC no. 1854511).

The technological developments of metal–organic framework (MOF) for selective adsorption and sensing have been achieved in recent years. Herein, we report two stilbene‐based MOFs, denoted as Zn3(SDC)3(bpy) (1) and Zn(SDC)(bpy)·2DMF (2). MOFs 1 and 2 were synthesized in pure form by controlling the organic linker ratio and were used for the adsorptive removal of dye molecules. Despite their low adsorption capacities, the MOFs were more selective toward cationic dye (methylene blue) than anionic dye (methyl orange). The unique fluorescent property of the MOFs was harnessed for the sensing of harmful organic molecules. Interestingly, the fluorescence of 1′ was quenched by aromatic analytes containing amine and nitro functional groups. However, 2′ only showed modest fluorescence quenching by nitrobenzene. The quenching efficiency of nitrobenzene had a low detection limit for 1′ and 2′ (14.28 and 25.42 μM, respectively). These MOFs can be used as adsorbents and highly sensitive chemical sensors.