Ozonation of 2-propanol, acetic acid, and oxalic acid was conducted with and without UV irradiation. Removal of organics was greatly improved under UV irradiation. Upon ozonation, 2-propanol was converted to acetone that in turn was oxidized to acetic and oxalic acids. Trace amounts of formaldehyde and formic acid were also detected in the ozonated acetone solution. Further ozonation of acetic acid resulted in the formation of glyoxylic acid that was oxidized readily to oxalic acid. The latter oxidized directly to carbon dioxide at a faster rate under the acidic condition. Methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, bromodichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane, and bromoform were observed in the reaction mixtures of chlorinated ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) retentates of secondary effluent. On the other hand, ozonation of UF and RO retentates did not result in the formation of these volatile halogenated organics.
the samples being analyzed, by making up standards in a synthetic matrix similar to the average major composition of the materials being analyzed, or by using either of the previous methods and buffering samples and standards by dissolving in them a fairly large amount of an element with a low ionization potential, such as potassium or lithium (16,26).Applicability to Other Elements. Without any further sample preparation, the spectrometer/spectrograph was employed to estimate the major compositions of IAEA S-5 and Kieselguhr which are included in Table VII. The synthetic blank solution and the solutions of NBS-91, VS-N, NBS 613, and GSB were used as calibration standards in these determinations. This same approach was used to estimate concentrations of iron and copper in three samples of diatom ash. The results of these analyses are included in Table IV.A detailed consideration of the use of the dc argon plasma jet to perform multielement emission spectrometric analyses of siliceous materials of diverse major compositions will be presented elsewhere.ACKNOWLEDGMENT We thank V. T. Bowen and R. R. L. Guillard for helpful suggestions, .
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