Struvite-K is the natural potassium equivalent to Struvite. Struvite-K crystals were grown by single diffusion gel growth technique in silica hydro gel medium. Struvite-K crystals with different morphologies having transparent to translucent diaphaneity were grown with different growth parameters. The phenomenon of Liesegang rings was also observed with some particular growth parameters. The crystals were characterized by powder XRD, FT-IR, TGA and dielectric study. The powder XRD results of Struvite-K confirmed the orthorhombic crystal structure. The FT-IR spectrum proved the presence of water of hydration, metaloxygen bond and P -O bond. The TGA, DSC and DTA were carried out simultaneously. It was found that crystals started dehydrating and decomposing from 75 °C and finally at 600 °C temperature it became 64.14% of the original weight and remained almost constant up to the end of analysis. From the thermo-gravimetry, the numbers of the water molecules associated with the crystal were calculated and found to be 5. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of dehydration / decomposition process were calculated. The variation of dielectric constant with frequency of applied field was studied in the range from 400 Hz to 100 kHz, which exhibited the decreasing nature of the dielectric constant as frequency increased. The dielectric study showed that a.c. conductivity increased and consequently the a.c. resistivity decreased with the increase in frequency.
Oxalic acid metabolism is important in humans, animals and plants. The effect of oxalic acid sodium salt is widely studied in living body. The growth of sodium oxalate single crystals by gel growth is reported, which can be used to mimic the growth of crystals in vivo. The grown single crystals are colourless, transparent and prismatic. The crystals have been characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy and dielectric response at various frequencies of applied field. The crystals become anhydrous at 129⋅3°C. Coats and Redfern relation is applied to evaluate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of dehydration. The dielectric study suggests very less variation of dielectric constant with frequency of applied field in the range of 1 kHz-1 MHz. The nature of variation of imaginary part of complex permittivity, dielectric loss and a.c. resistivity with applied frequency has been reported.
Calcium tartrate finds various applications. In the present study, calcium tartrate nanoparticles were synthesized by wet chemical method using surfactant mediated approach. The powder XRD pattern revealed the typical broadening of peaks indicating the nanostructured nature. The average crystallite size was calculated by applying the Scherrer's formula to powder XRD pattern and was found in the range of 22.8–23.9 nm. The particle size and morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles was confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FTIR spectroscopy was used to confirm the presence of various functional groups. From TGA, it was found that calcium tartrate nanoparticles remained stable up to 120°C and were having two water molecules associated with them. The results are compared with the bulk crystalline materials available in the literature.
Bis-thiourea strontium chloride was synthesized and single crystals were grown by the slow solvent evaporation technique using aqueous solvent. The solubility curve was obtained and the determination of the induction period as well as the evaluation of kinetic parameters of nucleation was carried out. The powder XRD analysis suggested orthorhombic crystal structure. The FT-IR spectrum confirmed the presence of various functional groups. The thermo-gravimetry analysis was carried out and the crystals were found to be stable up to 170 • C. Applying Coats and Redferm relation to the thermogram, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of dehydration were calculated. The dielectric study was carried out in the frequency range of applied field from 500 Hz to 1 MHz. The variations of dielectric constant, dielectric loss, AC resistivity and AC conductivity were studied with frequency. It was found that the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss decreased as the frequency of applied field increased, whereas the AC resistivity increased as the frequency increased.
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