The a pp lication of Microstri p technolog y offers us a ver y com p act realization of the designed filter resulting in reduced filter size and improved output. In this paper we propose a capacitor and varactor tuned microstrip coupled bandpass filter (BPF) loaded with p arallel cou p led microstri p line with varactor diodes and capacitors to enhance tuning of the bandpass filter. This configuration hel p s in enabling the tunabilit y of the designed BPF b y var y ing the values of the varactors and capacitances inserted in the circuit. With the variations, a wide tuning range can be obtained b y emplo y ing low capacitance values and varactor values with which a tunable band p ass filter can be achieved. Based on the requirement of the o p erating frequenc y the bandpass filter can be tuned for the particular frequenc y thereb y enhancing the band selectivit y character in the proposed design. Before the construction of the filter in ADS the theoretical anal y sis for the filter to be designed are worked out to obtain the mathematical values of the microstri p lines. The obtained simulated results of the BPF show a tuning range (between 1-10 GHz) .The p ro p osed design has a advantage of producing better performance. Most of the common applications of filters are within the 1.0 to 10 GHz range, the designed microstri p bandpass filters find its applications in the operating of various communications. The various microwave bands in which the proposed filter design are L band, S band, L band, X band, Ku band.
Purpose An annual substation equipment failure report says 3/7 capacitive voltage transformer (CVT) got damaged because of ferroresonance overvoltage. The conventional mitigation circuit fails to protect the transformer as the overvoltage may fall in the range between 2 and 4 per unit. It is necessary to develop a device to suppress the overvoltage as well as overcurrent of the CVT. This study aims to propose the suitability of memristor emulator as a mitigation circuit for ferroresonance. Design/methodology/approach The literature implies that a nonlinear circuit can protect the transformer against ferroresonance. An attempt is made with a memristor emulator using Operational Amplifier (OPAMP) for the mitigation of ferroresonance in a prototype transformer. The circuit is simulated using PSpice and validated for its ideal characteristics using hardware implementation. The nonlinear memductance is designed which is required to mitigate the ferroresonance. The mitigation performance has been compared with conventional method along with fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis. Findings While the linear resistor recovers the secondary voltage by 74.1%, the memristor emulator does it by 82.05% during ferroresonance. Also, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of ferroresonance signal found to be 22.06% got improved as 2.56% using memristor emulator. Research limitations/implications The suitability of memristor emulator as a mitigation circuit for ferroresonance is proposed in this paper. As ferroresonance occurs in instrument transformers which have extra high voltage (EHV) rated primary windings and (110 V/[110 V/1.732]) rated secondary windings, the mitigation device is proposed to be connected as a nonlinear load across the secondary windings of the transformer. This paper discusses the preliminary work of ferroresonance mitigation in a prototype transformer. The mitigation circuit may have memristor or meminductor for ferroresonance mitigation when they are commercially available in future. Practical implications The electronic component-based memristor emulator may not work at 110 V practically as they may be rated at low power. Hence, chemical component-based memristor emulator was developed to do the same. The authors like to clarify that the memristor will be a solution for ferroresonance in future not the memristor emulator circuit. Social implications With the real form of memristor, the transistor world will be replaced by it and may have a revolution in the field of electronics, VLSI, etc. This contribution attempts to project the use of memristor in a smaller scale in high-voltage engineering. Originality/value The electronic component-based memristor emulator is proposed as a mitigation circuit for ferroresonance. The hypothesis has been verified successfully in a prototype transformer. Testing circuit of memristor emulator involves transformer, practically. The mitigation performance has been compared with conventional method technically and justified with FFT analysis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.