2D/2D interface heterostructures of g-CN and NiAl-LDH are synthesized utilizing strong electrostatic interactions between positively charged 2D NiAl-LDH sheets and negatively charged 2D g-CN nanosheets. This new 2D/2D interface heterojunction showed remarkable performance for photocatalytic CO reduction to produce renewable fuels such as CO and H under visible-light irradiation, far superior to that of either single phase g-CN or NiAl-LDH nanosheets. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity could be attributed mainly to the excellent interfacial contact at the heterojunction of g-CN/NiAl-LDH, which subsequently results in suppressed recombination, and improved transfer and separation of photogenerated charge carriers. In addition, the optimal g-CN/NiAl-LDH nanocomposite possessed high photostability after successive experimental runs with no obvious change in the production of CO from CO reduction. Our findings regarding the design, fabrication and photophysical properties of 2D/2D heterostructure systems may find use in other photocatalytic applications including H production and water purification.
not well-suited with the planar geometry of most electronic devices. Hence, planar interdigitated microscale charge storage devices are gaining importance over conventional fl ip-chip devices. [1][2][3] Fabrication of such microscale electronic devices is a major challenge because the methods used have to be facile, effi cient, and compatible with those used in the other fl exible device fabrication protocols. Various techniques such as lithography, physical vapor deposition using shadow mask, sputtering, laser writing, etc., have been used to fabricate planar interdigitated microsupercapacitors till date. [4][5][6] Except the laser-based methods most other methods are somewhat complicated or time consuming. Of course, they do have specifi c advantages of concurrent wafer scale processing and scalability that cannot be underplayed. Laser-based device fabrication methods are however mostly single step, simple, and fast. Most of these have used laser power for the synthesis or direct writing of conducting carbon. [7][8][9] In this paper, we report an even simpler and faster method of device fabrication using fast CO 2 laser scribing of a layer of mushroom-synthesized conducting carbon to fabricate a planar microsupercapacitor on a fl exible substrate. This approach can be easily extended to other presynthesized forms of carbon for electrochemical doublelayer capacitors (EDLCs) or metal oxides/sulfi des for pseudocapacitors. We also point out that the mushroom-synthesized carbon in our case is formed by using a specifi c hydrothermal preprocessing protocol not used before and naturally renders few layer graphene-graphitic composite that offers the concurrent advantage of fl exibility and high conductivity. Mushroom has been used earlier as a precursor for carbon synthesis [ 10,11 ] but in these works precarbonization at low temperature of 500 °C was employed instead of hydrothermal preprocessing (used in the present work) before activation.Flexible planar microsupercapacitors have some serious issues like low energy density and low stability that limit its practical application. To improve the device performance, the quality of the electrode plays a signifi cant role. It has been reported that mesoporous carbon-based electrodes in EDLCs show great promise for microsupercapacitors both in terms of stability and energy density. [ 12 ] This type of material also offers A report is presented on the fabrication of all solid-state interdigitated fl exible microsupercapacitor using ultrafast and highly scalable laser scribing technique, using highly mesoporous carbon synthesized from biomass (mushroom) with hydrothermal preprocessing. The specifi c protocol used for carbon synthesis renders some unique property features to the material (surface area of 2604 m² g −1 with hierarchical pore size distribution) in the context of supercapacitor electrode application. A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-H 2 SO 4 gel electrolyte is used for electrochemical measurements. The microsupercapacitor shows high cyclic stability up to 15000 cycles....
With the development of consumer electronic devices and electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are vital components for high energy storage with great impact on our modern life. However, LIBs still cannot meet all the essential demands of rapidly growing new industries. In pursuance of higher energy requirement, metal batteries (MBs) are the next-generation high-energy-density devices. Li/Na metals are considered as an ideal anode for high-energy batteries due to extremely high theoretical specific capacity (3860 and 1165 mAh g À 1 for Li and Na, respectively) and low electrochemical potential (À 3.04 V for Li and À 2.71 V for Na vs. standard hydrogen electrode). Unfortunately, uncontrolled dendrite growth, high reactivity, and infinite volume change induce severe safety concerns and poor cycle efficiency during their application. Consequently, MBs are far from commercialization stage. This Review represents a comprehensive overview of failure mechanism of lithium/sodium metal anode and its progress for rechargeable batteries through (i) electrolyte optimization, (ii) artificial solidelectrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formation, and (iii) nanoengineering at materials level in current collector, anode, and host. The challenges in current MBs research and potential applications of lithium/sodium metal anodes are also outlined and summarized.
A single-step, cost-effective and eco-safe synthesis of a new class of homogeneous silver-polyaniline (PANI-Ag) core-shell nanorods is carried out via mild photolysis by ultraviolet radiation from sunlight (SUN UV-radiation). X-ray diffraction (XRD) of these core-shell nanorods gives two additional peaks from PANI centered at 2θ = 20.5° and 24. 9°. A validation of the core-shell structural information is given by transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM) whereas the tubular shape morphology is determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV-Vis. absorption shows a strong blue-shift along with photoluminescence emission. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) also support the core-shell formation. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows good thermal stability and allows excellent detection of hydrogen peroxide and hydrazine. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) results show excellent electro-activation, indicating its promising potential in sensing of clinical and environmental analytes.
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