Basically biometric system used for identification purpose in this we have two types of attributes physical and biological. The physical attributes are classified as fingerprint, face recognition, palm, voice and biological attributes gait, keystroke etc.In biometric system is that whatever changes the intruder has done with the template it should not be accepted by the biometric system. This paper outlines about the approach based on multimodal biometric (E g. Fingerprint and Iris) which fused together for recognition. This multimodal biometric system is composed of three modules 1) Feature Extraction 2) Fusion of Multimodal biometric template creation 3) Cryptographic key creation. Firstly features like minutia points from fingerprint and texture from iris are extracted. These features fused together to construct a single multi-biometric template. Template protection gives privacy which offers security.
Cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) occurs in up to 20% of teenagers and has detrimental effects on lung function and nutritional status. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators have had positive and mixed effects on glucose tolerance in children. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) on glucose tolerance, as well as on anthropometric measures and lipids, in children. We hypothesized that glucose tolerance and BMI would improve. We completed a retrospective study of children at a Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Center who were started on ETI after December 2019. Our inclusion criteria were children 12 years and older who were on ETI for at least one year. We did not include children on long-term corticosteroids, with type 1, type 2, or other secondary diabetes, or who were post-transplant. Blood glucose at 2 hours after an oral glucose tolerance test (2-hour BG), Hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c), lipids, and weight and BMI z-scores were assessed after at least one year on ETI. For patients with CFRD, only HgbA1c was performed for monitoring glycemic control. These measures were compared to corresponding measures in control groups of children older than or at 12 years old, heterozygous or homozygous for F508d, who were seen at the CF Center 4 years prior, and therefore were not receiving ETI. Patients with normal and impaired glucose tolerance (NGT/IGT) were compared to controls with similar glucose tolerance and separated by age. Patients with CFRD were compared to controls with CFRD only. Average length of time on ETI was 18.7 months. CFRD was diagnosed in 8.6% of patients and impaired glucose tolerance in 13.8% of patients. Previous CFTR modulators were used in 31.6% of patients. Average 2-hour BG increased by 3.2 mg/dl (n=44, p=0.6) and average HgbA1c decreased by 0. 05% (n=53, p=0.18) after the use of ETI. Weight z-score increased by 0. 07 (n=54, p=0.38) and BMI z-score increased by 0.13 (n=58, p=0.31). Total cholesterol increased significantly by 17.6 mg/dl (n=56, p<0. 0001), but in contrast, triglycerides only increased by 4.75 mg/dl (p=0.46). Change in average 2-hour BG for children in the NGT/IGT control group (total n=30) were similar to children receiving ETI: 12-13 years: 3.6 versus 3.2 mg/dl, 13-14 years: -9. 0 versus -3.5 mg/dl, and 14-18 years: 18.5 versus 8.6 mg/dl (all p>0. 05). In children with CFRD, the control (n=7) and ETI (n=5) groups had similar changes in HgbA1c (-0.56% versus -0.5%, p=0.94). In a retrospective analysis of children, 2-hour BG and HgbA1c changed minimally after at least one year on ETI and did not differ significantly when compared to controls. Minimal changes were also seen for BMI, weight, and triglycerides after use of ETI. However, total cholesterol increased significantly with the use of ETI. Presentation: No date and time listed
Purpose of review Pediatric dyslipidemias increase the risk of atherosclerosis and clinical cardiovascular disease and are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapies have measurably improved abnormal lipids and reduced cardiovascular events. The review will focus on current standards of care and investigative medications with the potential to improve cardiovascular health in children and adults. Recent findings Lifestyle interventions and statins remain cornerstones in the treatment of pediatric hyperlipidemias. Bile acid sequestrants and ezetimibe continue to be used in the pediatric population as well. In recent years, successful clinical trials have approved use of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in children with familial hypercholesterolemia. Use of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) inhibitors is also promising as it causes marked improvement in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with safe side effect profiles. Additional medications undergoing pediatric clinical trials include inclisiran, bempedoic acid, and lomitapide. Summary Recent advances in pharmacotherapy, especially for treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia, greatly impact treatment of dyslipidemias in children. Despite the overall progress in the development of these medications, therapies targeted towards treating hypertriglyceridemia have lagged behind. Continuing research for the treatment of pediatric dyslipidemias remains an important endeavor to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events in children.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.