Abstract

Objective: To analyze trends in general mortality and circulatory system disease mortality among elderly persons living in the city of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil, from 1980 to 2012. Method: A study of the cause of death of elderly people was carried out from the data available in the Brazilian Mortality Information System. Crude and age-based overall and circulatory system mortality rates were calculated. The trend analyses of these rates were performed using the JoinPoint Regression program. Results: Despite the reductions in mortality rates, diseases of the circulatory system remained the main cause of death of the elderly in Rio Branco. The decrease in overall mortality rates was higher among elderly women and those aged 70 years or older. There was a tendency for death rates due to diseases of the circulatory system to decline among elderly men and grow among elderly women. Conclusion: The mortality rate among the elderly in Rio Branco revealed a declining trend. Deaths from diseases of the circulatory system were the leading cause of death, suggesting that research should be carried out to assess the need for investment to ensure that increased longevity is accompanied by good quality of life.

Objetivo: discorrer sobre a fisiopatogênese da COVID-19 e vulnerabilidade clínica do indivíduo idoso, além de aspectos relevantes para promoção da saúde e do autocuidado da pessoa idosa.Desenvolvimento: realizou-se investigação dos temas em plataformas científicas de busca, além de documentos oficiais da Organização Mundial de Saúde e do Ministério da Saúde. O vírus causador da COVID-19 apresenta, fundamentalmente, complicações respiratórias. O processo de senescência do aparelho respiratório torna o idoso vulnerável tanto para infecção, como para agravamento e letalidade. Atividade física, nutrição adequada, qualidade do sono, exposição ao sol, saúde mental e espiritualidade permitem a preservação e promoção da saúde dos sistemasimunológicos e respiratórios, e devem ser estimuladas para o autocuidado do idoso.Conclusão: esta reflexão contribui para orientação de profissionais de saúde no cuidadogerontológico de enfermagem, no procedimento de educação em saúde dos aspectos referentes à prevenção e autocuidado dos idosos, como população de risco paraC OVID-19.

Introduction: Epidemiological data allow to know the needs of the communities and can provide subsidies for planning and actions in the health services, hence,  it is necessary to investigate illness and chronic non-communicable diseases in the population of interest. Objective: The objectives of this study are to describe and verify the association between the most prevalent self-reported morbidities in adults regarding the characteristics: socioeconomic, demographic and lifestyle.  Methods: This is a population-based survey conducted with adults (?18 years of age), living in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil, during the period 2007/2008. The sample consisted of 1516 individuals, from a probabilistic sampling in two stages of a draw. Results: The most prevalent self-reported morbidity was spine/back disease with a percentage of 30.8%, followed by hypertension (28.3%), malaria (28.3%) and depression (18.7%). Regarding socioeconomic and demographic aspects, the most prevalent characteristics were: female gender and low level of formal education, with statistical significance. As for life habits, the most common characteristics with statistical significance were: smoking and physical inactivity. Conclusion: In view of the scarcity of studies of this nature in the North region of Brazil, and especially in the State of Acre, the results regarding the most prevalent self-reported morbidities in the adult population of Rio Branco are of fundamental importance, to alert researchers and health professionals. This contributes to a better adaptation and/or implementation of public strategies for promotion, protection and health assistance.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the methodological approach adopted to build a database of long-term care facilities (LCTFs) in Brazil. METHODS: This exploratory research was conducted for 12 months, between August 2020 and July 2021, based on primarily publicly accessible data. First, the Unified Social Assistance System (Sistema Único de Assistência Social [SUAS]) database from 2019 was adopted as the primary source of information. In addition, public agencies and managers were consulted and invited to share their databases, while researchers and private entities collaborated by making their spreadsheets available. Data were organized in spreadsheets for each Brazilian state. LTCFs not catering to older adults (aged 60 years and over) were excluded. Duplicate data were excluded when overlaps were identified. RESULTS: This brief communication describes the methodology adopted for mapping the current status of Brazilian LTCFs. Despite its caveats, this study represents an important advance in the identification, characterization, and monitoring of these services nationwide. A total of 5769 facilities were found in the 2019 SUAS census. After excluding facilities not caring for residents aged 60 years or over, this number decreased to 2381 LTCFs. The consolidation and filtering of information from multiple data sources led to the identification of 7029 LTCFs throughout the country. CONCLUSION: Building a solid database was paramount to devising a national policy on long-term care. By including multiple sources, the scope of this survey was wider than all previous efforts and constituted an unprecedented collaborative experience in the country, including the potential to become the first national dataset for the Brazilian LTC sector.

Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de violência e a sua associação com variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e de saúde em idosos de Unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde em um Estado do Norte do Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 290 idosos acompanhados na atenção primária à saúde na Capital do Acre, no período 2016-2017. Identificou-se as prevalências de cada tipo de violência e verificada a prevalência da violência geral. Por meio da Regressão Poisson, testaram-se os fatores associados à violência geral, com Razões de Prevalência Bruta (RP) com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança (IC95%). Após regressão bivariada, foi realizada a análise multivariada. Permaneceram no modelo final apenas aquelas que apresentaram melhor ajuste nas razões de prevalência e p≤0,05. Resultados: A violência psicológica foi mais prevalente na amostra (30,6%). As variáveis segurança de bairro, renda família, síndrome de fragilidade, depressão, câncer, acidente vascular cerebral, raça/cor e excesso de bebida alcóolica, foram os fatores associados à prevalência de violência geral. Conclusão: evidenciou-se alta a prevalência de violência nos idosos estudados e os fatores associados foram, majoritariamente, relacionados à uma saúde fragilizada. Defende-se que estratégias de promoção do envelhecimento saudável possam também auxiliar no enfrentamento da violência contra a população idosa.

Aim: describe the methodological approach adopted to build a Brazilian database of LCTFs in the country. Methods: This exploratory research was conducted between August 2020 and 2021 based on primarily publicly accessible data. First, the database of the Sistema Único de Assistência Social for 2019 was adopted as the primary source of information. In addition, public agencies and managers were consulted and invited to share their databases. Likewise, researchers and private entities also collaborated by making their spreadsheets available. The information collected was placed in individual spreadsheets for each Brazilian state. LTCFs not catering to older adults (aged 60 and over) were excluded. Duplicate data were excluded when overlaps were identified for each new aggregated source. Results & Discussion: This brief communication describes the methodology adopted for mapping the current status of Brazilian LTCFs. Despite its caveats, this study represents an important advance in the identification, characterization, and monitoring of these services nationwide. A total of 5769 facilities were found in the 2019 SUAS census. After excluding facilities not caring for residents aged 60 or over, this total decreased to 2381 LTCFs. Consolidating and filtering the information from multiple data sources led to the identification of 7029 LTCFs for the country as a whole.

Objetivo: identificar, na literatura, as características definidoras e os fatores relacionados ao Diagnóstico de Enfermagem Síndrome do Idoso Frágil. Método: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura, por meio do portal de periódicos da CAPES, nas bases de dados LILACS, SCOPUS, BDENF, CINAHL MEDLINE, PubMed, Web Of Sciences e SciELO. Além da utilização de literatura cinzenta no Google Scholar e Open Grey. Resultado: Foram incluídos oito artigos e uma dissertação. Todas as publicações eram brasileiras, com a predominância de estudos do tipo transversal. As características definidoras mais frequentes foram: Mobilidade física prejudicada; Tolerância à atividade diminuída; Nutrição desequilibrada: menor do que as necessidades corporais e Deambulação prejudicada. Três novas características foram identificadas: Incontinência Urinária; Processos familiares disfuncionais e Distúrbio no padrão de sono. Sobre os fatores relacionados, os mais frequentes foram: Força muscular diminuída; Disfunção cognitiva e Equilíbrio postural prejudicado. Conclusão: diante dos resultados encontrados, sugere-se a inclusão da característica definidora Incontinência Urinária, para o diagnóstico de enfermagem Síndrome do Idoso Frágil. Contribuições para prática: o estudo disponibiliza ao enfermeiro um aprofundamento no referido diagnóstico, subsidiando o raciocínio clínico.