The study purpose was to determine (a) health-promoting lifestyle behaviors of Spanish-speaking Hispanics, (b) differences in these behaviors by demographics and acculturation, and (c) the extent to which perceived health status, demographics, and acculturation explain health-promoting lifestyles. The Spanish-language Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLPII) and other instruments were completed by a convenience sample of 545 Hispanic adults recruited in several midwestern communities. Of the six behavioral dimension scores of the HPLPII, scores were lowest for physical activity and highest for spiritual growth. They differed by age, gender, employment status, marital status, and acculturation. Perceived health status, demographics, and acculturation explained 12% of the variance in overall health-promoting lifestyle. These findings can help guide culturally appropriate interventions designed to improve this population's overall health.

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In this comprehensive review of retrospective childhood sexual abuse (CSA) instruments, instruments from studies published between 1986 and 2001 are examined according to administration method, number and specificity of questions, CSA operational definitions, psychometric properties, and the use of scales. It was found that both self-administered and interview instruments range from the vagueness of a single question to the preciseness of multiple, specific questions. Furthermore, the review demonstrated that CSA instruments generally lack standardization. Many are developed for one-time use and others modified when reused. Descriptive CSA instruments have been preferred by researchers and primarily used to measure CSA dichotomously. However, little consensus exists as to how to operationally define CSA. One positive trend is the development of scales that measure CSA as an interval-level variable, allowing for more extensive psychometric data to be collected.

One prevention strategy for childhood sexual abuse (CSA) involves educational programs delivered to children in the school environment. The purpose of this integrative literature review was to determine the state of the science on school-based CSA prevention programs. The authors extracted data from 26 articles that fit inclusion criteria to answer research questions on types of programs, methods used to evaluate programs, and program success. Analysis of the extracted data led to the identification of seven categories of teaching learning content. Delivery methods included films, plays, discussion, and role play. Most authors used an untreated or placebo control group pretest/posttest design for evaluation. According to the child outcome measures chosen, the majority of programs were successful. The review also found school nurses rarely involved in these programs. Although not a traditional aspect of their responsibilities, information from this review can help school nurses implement a school-based CSA prevention program.

Families of children with a chronic health condition often feel powerless in satisfying the health care needs of their child and in sustaining their family life. A small body of scholarly literature suggests that family empowerment is an intervention that nurses could use to help these families. This interactive intervention is designed to aid families through the empowerment process, which consists of phases that correspond to the amount of trust and decision making a family shares with health professionals. Intervention activities are based on the assumption that all people have existing strengths and capabilities and the capacity to grow and become more competent. Suggested family outcomes of the intervention include negotiation with health professionals, minimization of the effect of the chronic condition on the child and siblings, rearrangement of family roles and responsibilities, satisfaction of the health care needs of the child, and lowered health care use and costs.In nursing discussions of families of children with a chronic health condition, it is frequently assumed that satisfying the health care