Tomato bacterial spot on tomato may be caused by four species of Xanthomonas and among them X. gardneri (Xg) is the most destructive one, especially in areas irrigated using a center pivot system in Minas Gerais state and the midwest region of Brazil. Due to the ineffectiveness of chemical control and the lack of cultivars with high levels of genetic resistance, this study investigated the potential of three antagonists (Streptomyces setonii (UFV618), Bacillus cereus (UFV592) and Serratia marcescens (UFV252)), and the hormone jasmonic acid (JA) as a positive control, to reduce bacterial spot symptoms and to potentiate defense enzymes in the leaves of tomato plants infected by Xg. Tomato seeds were microbiolized with each antagonist, and the soil was drenched with these bacteria. The plants were sprayed with JA 48 h before Xg inoculation. The final average severity on the tomato plants was reduced by 29.44, 59.26 and 61.33% in the UFV592, UFV618 and JA treatments, respectively. The UFV618 antagonist was as effective as JA in reducing bacterial spot symptoms on tomatoes, which can be explained by the greater activities of defense enzymes that are commonly involved in host resistance against bacterial diseases. These results suggest that JA and the UFV618 antagonist can be used in the integrated management of bacterial spot on tomatoes.
(PGPR's) normalmente são dispensadas por microbiolização de sementes e bactérias residentes do filoplano também o são por pulverização da parte aérea da cultura. No presente trabalho testouse outros métodos de dispensa do agente de biocontrole Pseudomonas putida, isolado UFV-0073, autóctone do filoplano de tomateiro e selecionado para o controle biológico de doenças da parte aérea da cultura são eficientes contra Xanthomonas gardneri (Xg) e Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst). Os experimentos foram conduzidos em condições de casa de vegetação em que foram testados quatro métodos de dispensa: 1-microbiolização de sementes, 2-pulverização com suspensão bacteriana, 3-a aplicação dos tratamentos 1 e 2 conjuntamente e 4-pulverização com o sobrenadante da suspensão bacteriana. As bactérias fitopatogênicas Xg e Pst foram inoculadas por pulverização da parte aérea das plantas de tomateiro. Para os dois patossistemas estudados os melhores métodos de dispensa foram a pulverização do filoplano associada à microbiolização de sementes e a pulverização do filoplano com o sobrenadante da suspensão aquosa do agente de biocontrole.
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